Questions and Answers on Respiratory System

Questions and Answers on Respiratory System Related

Review Questions and Answers on Respiratory System related questions and content

Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in?

  • A. pulmonary ventilation
  • B. production of pulmonary surfactant
  • C. resistance
  • D. surface tension
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: pulmonary ventilation. Atmospheric pressure plays a crucial role in pulmonary ventilation by creating a pressure gradient that allows air to flow into and out of the lungs during inhalation and exhalation. When the atmospheric pressure is higher than the pressure inside the lungs, air moves in (inhalation); when the pressure inside the lungs is higher, air moves out (exhalation).

Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Production of pulmonary surfactant is not directly influenced by atmospheric pressure. Pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli to prevent collapse.
C: Resistance in the respiratory system is mainly influenced by airway diameter and elasticity of the lungs, not atmospheric pressure.
D: Surface tension in the alveoli is affected by pulmonary surfactant, not atmospheric pressure.

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The patient with sleep apnea is fitted with a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mask and asks the nurse how this device will help. How should the nurse respond?

  • A. The device delivers constant positive pressure to keep your airway open.
  • B. The device will require you to be intubated to open your airway.
  • C. The device delivers oxygen only when you are apneic.
  • D. The device delivers negative pressure to stimulate your respirations.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a CPAP mask delivers a constant positive pressure to keep the airway open during sleep, preventing airway collapse and interruptions in breathing. This helps improve oxygenation and reduce the frequency of apnea episodes. Choice B is incorrect as intubation is not required with CPAP. Choice C is incorrect as CPAP does not deliver oxygen, it only provides pressurized air. Choice D is incorrect as CPAP delivers positive pressure, not negative pressure, to support breathing.

Tachypnoea means

  • A. Rapid shallow breathing
  • B. Rapid deep breathing
  • C. Slow and shallow breathing
  • D. Slow and deep breathing
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rapid shallow breathing. Tachypnoea refers to an increased respiratory rate, which can lead to shallow breathing. Rapid breathing helps to compensate for inadequate oxygen levels. Choice B is incorrect because tachypnoea is not typically associated with deep breathing. Choices C and D are incorrect as they describe slow breathing patterns, which are opposite to tachypnoea.

Which statement is false?

  • A. Dorsal respiratory group in upper pons is responsible for inspiration
  • B. Apneustic centre can inhibit the inspiratory centre
  • C. Pneumotaxic centre is responsible for prolonged inspiratory gasp interrupted by transient expiratory efforts
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, None of the above, is false.
A: Dorsal respiratory group in the upper pons is indeed responsible for inspiration.
B: The apneustic centre can inhibit the inspiratory centre, so this statement is true.
C: The pneumotaxic centre is responsible for regulating the duration and depth of each breath, not for a prolonged inspiratory gasp interrupted by expiratory efforts.
Therefore, choice D is false as all the other statements are accurate.

Tuberculosis in man is caused by

  • A. A type of bacteria
  • B. A virus
  • C. A protozon
  • D. Malnutrition
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A type of bacteria. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a type of bacteria. This bacterium infects the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body. The other choices (B: A virus, C: A protozoan, D: Malnutrition) are incorrect because tuberculosis is specifically caused by a bacterial infection, not a virus, protozoan, or malnutrition. Bacteria can be identified through specific staining techniques and culture methods, distinguishing them from viruses and protozoa. Malnutrition is a risk factor for developing tuberculosis but is not the direct cause of the disease.

which of the following part of the ear separate middle ear from outer ear

  • A. oval window
  • B. round window
  • C. Malleaus
  • D. tympanic membrane
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: tympanic membrane because it separates the middle ear from the outer ear. The tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum, vibrates in response to sound waves and transmits these vibrations to the middle ear. The oval window (A) is a membrane-covered opening in the inner ear that receives vibrations from the stapes bone. The round window (B) is a membrane-covered opening that equalizes pressure within the inner ear. The malleus (C) is a small bone in the middle ear that transmits sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus. Therefore, the tympanic membrane is the correct answer as it physically separates the middle ear from the outer ear.

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