Questions and Answers on Respiratory System

Questions and Answers on Respiratory System Related

Review Questions and Answers on Respiratory System related questions and content

Which of the body systems listed below cooperate to supply O2 to cells and eliminate CO2? 1) digestive system 2) cardiovascular system 3) urinary system 4) respiratory system 5) endocrine system

  • A. 3, 5
  • B. 2, 4
  • C. 1, 2
  • D. 1, 2, 2004
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (2, 4) - cardiovascular system and respiratory system. The cardiovascular system transports O2 from the lungs to the cells and carries CO2 away for elimination by the respiratory system. The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange, bringing O2 into the body and removing CO2. The other choices are incorrect because:
A (3, 5) - The urinary system (3) filters waste from the blood and maintains fluid balance, while the endocrine system (5) regulates hormones and metabolism; neither directly supply O2 or eliminate CO2.
C (1, 2) - The digestive system (1) processes food and absorbs nutrients, not involved in gas exchange; the cardiovascular system (2) does cooperate but alone is not sufficient.
D (1, 2, 2004) - Choice 2004 is incorrect as it is not a valid option.

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Following assessment of a patient with pneumonia, the nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of impaired gas exchange based on which finding?

  • A. SpO of 86%
  • B. Crackles in both lower lobes
  • C. Temperature of 101.4ºF (38.6ºC)
  • D. Production of greenish purulent sputum
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Impaired gas exchange is indicated by a low SpO2 level, in this case 86%, which suggests inadequate oxygenation. Crackles, temperature, and sputum production are important assessments but do not directly indicate impaired gas exchange.

While assessing a client who has facial trauma the nurse auscultates stridor. The client is anxious and restless. What action would the nurse take first?

  • A. Contact the primary health care provider and prepare for intubation.
  • B. Administer prescribed albuterol nebulizer therapy.
  • C. Place the client in high-Fowler position.
  • D. Ask the client to perform deep-breathing exercises.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, which can quickly progress to respiratory distress. As the client is anxious and restless, immediate intervention is crucial. Contacting the primary health care provider and preparing for intubation is the priority to secure the airway and ensure adequate oxygenation. Administering albuterol, positioning in high-Fowler, or deep-breathing exercises are not appropriate as they do not address the acute airway compromise.

A nurse is assisting a physician with the removal of a chest tube. The nurse should instruct the client to:

  • A. Exhale slowly
  • B. Stay very still
  • C. Inhale and exhale quickly
  • D. Perform the Valsalva maneuver
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform the Valsalva maneuver. The Valsalva maneuver involves holding the breath and bearing down, which helps prevent air from entering the pleural space during chest tube removal, reducing the risk of a pneumothorax. Exhaling slowly (A) or inhaling and exhaling quickly (C) can increase the risk of air entering the pleural space. Staying very still (B) is important to minimize movement during the procedure, but performing the Valsalva maneuver is crucial to prevent complications.

Expiration involves

  • A. Relaxation of diaphragm and intercostals muscles
  • B. Contraction of diaphragm and intercostals muscles
  • C. Contraction of diaphragm muscles
  • D. Contraction of inter costal muscles
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because expiration involves the relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. During expiration, the diaphragm moves up and the intercostal muscles relax, causing the thoracic cavity to decrease in volume. This increase in pressure forces air out of the lungs. Choice B is incorrect as it describes the process of inspiration, not expiration. Choice C is incorrect because expiration involves both the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, not just the diaphragm muscles. Choice D is incorrect as the intercostal muscles also relax during expiration, rather than contracting.

A nurse caring for a client removes the client's oxygen as prescribed. The client is now breathing what percentage of oxygen in the room air?

  • A. 14%
  • B. 21%
  • C. 28%
  • D. 31%
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (21%). Room air contains approximately 21% oxygen. By removing the supplemental oxygen, the client is now breathing the oxygen content present in the surrounding air. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the standard oxygen concentration in room air. Oxygen concentration in room air is typically around 21%, making choice B the most accurate option.

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