Nokea
Which of the following sentences has correct pronoun-antecedent agreement?
- A. The storm, which included three days of rain, was very strong, and it left half the city flooded.
- B. Each of the cars needs to be examined for damage by a mechanic; they may need repairs.
- C. The number of people who had to evacuate hasn't been confirmed, but it is small.
- D. Many people were able to take advantage of shelters, where they were kept safe from the storm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sentence C correctly maintains the pronoun-antecedent agreement. In this sentence, the antecedent is 'number of people,' and the pronoun 'it' is used to refer back to this antecedent. The singular pronoun 'it' matches the singular antecedent 'number,' making the sentence grammatically correct.
Choice A is incorrect because it uses the plural pronoun 'they' to refer back to the singular antecedent 'storm.'
Choice B is incorrect as it uses the plural pronoun 'they' to refer back to the singular antecedent 'each of the cars.'
Choice D is incorrect because it uses the singular pronoun 'he or she' to refer back to the plural antecedent 'many people.' This creates a lack of agreement between the pronoun and its antecedent.
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Unlike a traditional comic book, a graphic novel is released as one single publication, either in the form of one long story or an anthology. Which of the following is an appropriate synonym for traditional as it is used in the sentence?
- A. old-fashioned
- B. conventional
- C. expensive
- D. popular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this context, 'traditional' is used to describe the characteristic of a comic book that follows long-established conventions. The word 'conventional' is the most appropriate synonym because it implies something that follows standard or established practices. 'Old-fashioned' suggests something outdated, which is not the intended meaning here. 'Expensive' and 'popular' do not relate to the context of how comic books are released and do not align with the meaning of 'traditional' in this specific context.
Which of the following is correctly punctuated?
- A. The artist Prince, whose death shocked America in April of 2016, was one of the most successful musical artists of the last century.
- B. The artist Prince, whose death shocked America in April of 2016, was one of the most successful musical artists of the last century.
- C. The artist Prince-whose death shocked America in April of 2016-was one of the most successful musical artists of the last century.
- D. The artist Prince, whose death shocked America in April of 2016, was one of the most successful musical artists of the last century.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct punctuation in this case is to use a comma (,) to set off the nonrestrictive clause 'whose death shocked America in April of 2016.' This clause provides additional information about the artist Prince without changing the essential meaning of the sentence. Choice A has a semicolon (;) which is incorrect as it separates two closely related independent clauses. Choice C uses em dashes (-) which are incorrect as they should be used for emphasis or to set off information. Choice D uses a colon (:) which is incorrect as it introduces a list or an explanation, not additional information about the artist Prince. Therefore, the correctly punctuated sentence is: 'The artist Prince, whose death shocked America in April of 2016, was one of the most successful musical artists of the last century.'
Which of the following is a complex sentence?
- A. When skywriting, a pilot flies a small aircraft in specific, particular formations, creating large letters visible from the ground.
- B. The public defense attorney was able to maintain her optimism despite her dearth of courtroom wins, her lack of free time, and her growing list of clients.
- C. Because the distance between stars in the galaxy is far greater than the distance between planets, interstellar travel is expected to be an even bigger challenge than interplanetary exploration.
- D. Invented in France in the early nineteenth century, the stethoscope underwent a number of reiterations before the emergence of the modern form of the instrument in the 1850s.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A complex sentence has one independent clause and at least one dependent clause connected by a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun. In choice C, the sentence 'Because the distance between stars in the galaxy is far greater than the distance between planets' is a dependent clause introduced by the subordinating conjunction 'Because,' while the rest of the sentence 'interstellar travel is expected to be an even bigger challenge than interplanetary exploration' forms the independent clause. This combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause makes choice C a complex sentence. Choices A, B, and D do not contain both an independent and dependent clause connected in the way that choice C does, thus they do not qualify as complex sentences.
Which of the following statements about heat engines is true?
- A. Heat engines are the most common type of engine.
- B. Pneumatic and hydraulic motors are both types of electric engines.
- C. The three types of engines are heat engines, electric engines, and pneumatic motors.
- D. Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement that 'Heat engines can be broken down into combustion and non-combustion engines' is correct. Heat engines can indeed be categorized into combustion engines, where fuel combustion occurs, and non-combustion engines, such as steam engines, where heat is applied without combustion. This categorization helps in understanding the different mechanisms and types of heat engines available. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect as heat engines are not the most common type of engine; internal combustion engines are more prevalent. Choice B is incorrect as pneumatic and hydraulic motors are not types of electric engines, but rather different systems that use gas (pneumatic) or liquid (hydraulic) to transmit power. Choice C is incorrect as it lists electric engines, which are not a primary classification of engines like heat engines, but rather a type of engine that uses electricity to operate.
Which of the following nouns is written in the correct plural form?
- A. vertebrae
- B. geese
- C. octopuses
- D. potatoes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct plural form of 'potato' is 'potatoes.' In English, most plural nouns form by adding '-es' or simply '-s' to the singular form. Therefore, 'potatoes' is the correctly formed plural noun in this list. The other choices, 'vertebrae,' 'geese,' and 'octopuses,' are the correct plural forms of 'vertebra,' 'goose,' and 'octopus,' respectively. They demonstrate the common rule of adding '-es' or '-s' to form plural nouns.