Nokea
Which of the following statement is TRUE about reimbursement?
- A. Free care
- B. Payment for services
- C. Only from patients
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reimbursement is payment for services (B), per system e.g., insurer pays for Mr. Gary. Not free (A), not patient-only (C), not all (D) service-based. B truly defines reimbursement's role, compensating care, making it correct.
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When you discover an electrical fire and decide you need a fire extinguisher, you will need to find a fire extinguisher that is rated for which class of fire?
- A. Class A
- B. Class B
- C. Class C
- D. Class E
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An electrical fire requires a Class C extinguisher, designed for energized electrical equipment like appliances or wiring. Class A suits ordinary combustibles (wood), Class B handles flammable liquids, and Class E isn't standard (often confused with electrical but not U.S.-classified). Using a Class C extinguisher, typically with non-conductive agents like carbon dioxide, ensures safety by avoiding shock while extinguishing. This choice protects both the nurse and client in a healthcare setting, aligning with fire safety protocols.
Who is the first Filipino chief nurse of PGH?
- A. Rosario Delgado
- B. Anastacia Giron Tupas
- C. Julita Sotejo
- D. Loreto Tupas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anastacia Giron-Tupas, PGH's first Filipino chief nurse, marked a shift to local leadership e.g., post-American rule. Delgado (PNA president), Sotejo (educator), and Tupas differ. Her tenure elevated Filipino roles, influencing nursing's national identity and autonomy.
Which actions are examples of an RN participating in illness prevention for a client with hypertension?
- A. Teaching lifestyle modifications
- B. Reporting low blood pressure to the health care provider
- C. Administering ordered medication
- D. Performing risk screenings for hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Illness prevention in nursing focuses on proactive measures to stop disease development, particularly for conditions like hypertension. Teaching lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, empowers clients to manage blood pressure and reduce risk, aligning with primary prevention's educational emphasis. Performing risk screenings identifies hypertension early, enabling timely intervention before complications arise, another primary prevention strategy. Providing heart-healthy diet literature reinforces these efforts, equipping clients with practical tools for prevention. Reporting low blood pressure or administering medications, while critical interventions, address existing conditions rather than prevent onset, falling under treatment or management. Nurses' preventive role leverages education and screening to foster healthy habits and early detection, significantly impacting chronic disease trajectories like hypertension, where lifestyle plays a pivotal role.
A client has a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of $97 \mathrm{mmHg}$ and an intracranial pressure (ICP) of $12 \mathrm{mmHg}$. What is the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) for this client?
- A. 75
- B. 85
- C. 97
- D. 109
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CPP = MAP - ICP; 97 - 12 = 85 mmHg (B). Other options (A, C, D) miscalculate. B is correct. Rationale: CPP measures brain perfusion; 85 mmHg is within normal (60-100 mmHg), critical for assessing adequacy post-injury, per neurocritical care formulas.
Myra said 'I saw my dead grandmother here at my bedside a while ago' Budek responded 'Really? That is hard to believe, How do you feel about it?' What technique did Budek used?
- A. Disproving
- B. Disagreeing
- C. Voicing Doubt
- D. Presenting Reality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Budek's 'Really? That is hard to believe uses voicing doubt (C), gently questioning Myra's perception (hallucination) while exploring feelings. Disproving (A) or disagreeing (B) outright rejects (e.g., 'That's not true'). Presenting reality (D) corrects (e.g., 'She's not here'). Voicing doubt, per schizophrenia care, balances reality-testing with empathy, making C correct.