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Which of the following statements about ethnic minorities in the United States is accurate?
- A. It is estimated that the percentage of ethnic minorities will decrease during the next 30 years.
- B. It is estimated that ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050.
- C. The increasing population of refugees has been a significant contributor to the increase in ethnic minorities.
- D. The increasing population of ethnic minorities has helped decrease the health disparities faced by this population.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: By 2050, it is estimated that ethnic minorities will comprise half of the U.S. population, contributing to the growing diversity.
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During a screening, a test with a high specificity and low sensitivity is utilized. Which of the following issues could arise by using this test?
- A. Ethical issues
- B. Race issues
- C. Gender issues
- D. Cultural issues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A test with low sensitivity and high specificity can lead to false negatives, which can be ethically concerning as it misses true cases.
A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor. Which ethical concept is the client unable to benefit from?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Justice
- C. Beneficence
- D. Advocacy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Due to cognitive impairment, the client cannot make autonomous decisions regarding his care.
A 30-year-old woman with a BMI of 36 is being counseled on weight reduction. In what order should interventions be discussed?
- A. 4, 3, 2, 1
- B. 4, 2, 3, 1
- C. 3, 4, 2, 1
- D. 3, 2, 1, 4
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should start with a full assessment (lipid profile and blood pressure), followed by education on diet and exercise, then medication, and finally surgery if needed.
A nurse is discussing resistance training with a 24-year-old woman. The woman is resistant to weight lifting because she does not want to get too muscular. She prefers a program that is strictly aerobic. Which of the following would be the most appropriate response from the nurse?
- A. “Ok, just make sure you perform one hour of aerobics every day.”
- B. “Lifting weights is a necessary part of exercise.”
- C. “Weight lifting has many purposes and benefits; can we talk about them?”
- D. “Looking muscular at your age is attractive.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight training helps develop healthy muscles and stimulates bone health. The nurse should offer the opportunity to discuss the benefits and address concerns.
A nurse is completing a well-child assessment of a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following guidelines should be used when assessing the infant’s height and weight?
- A. CDC growth charts
- B. CDC body mass index (BMI) charts
- C. WHO growth standards
- D. Denver Developmental Screening height and weight standards
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WHO growth standards are recommended for assessing the growth of infants and children aged 0 to 2 years in the U.S.