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Which of the following statements accurately describe cultural factors that may influence healthcare? Select all that apply.
- A. Nurses and patients generally agree upon the health practices that are being instituted.
- B. Certain racial and ethnic groups are more prone to developing specific diseases and conditions.
- C. Although pain affects people differently, most people react to pain in the same manner.
- D. Most mental health norms are based on research and observations made of white, middle-class people.
- E. In many cultures, the man is the dominant figure and generally makes decisions for all family members.
- F. When people move to the United States, they may speak their own language fluently but have difficulty speaking English.
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F
Rationale: Certain groups have higher disease risks (B), mental health norms are often based on white, middle-class standards (D), patriarchal decision-making is common in some cultures (E), and language barriers exist for immigrants (F). Agreement on practices (A) is not universal, and pain responses vary (C).
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Although all of the following are factors to consider when caring for patients with limited income, which one is the most important?
- A. basic human needs may go unmet
- B. limited access to reliable transportation
- C. decreased access to healthcare services
- D. risk for increased incidence of disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unmet basic needs (e.g., food, shelter) are the most critical issue, as they underpin health and access to care.
What is one way in which nurses can develop cultural self-awareness?
- A. Ask peers and colleagues about practicing cultural competence.
- B. Objectively examine own beliefs, values, and practices.
- C. Realize nothing can be done to change ones values and beliefs.
- D. Assert to others that personal biases cannot be changed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Self-awareness is a key method for developing cultural competence by reflecting on one's own cultural influences.
What characteristic is used to describe racial categories?
- A. language
- B. skin color
- C. music preferences
- D. food likes and dislikes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Racial categories are primarily described by physical characteristics like skin color, not language, music, or food preferences.
A 40-year-old nurse is taking a health history from a 20-year-old Hispanic man and notes that he looks down at the floor when he answers questions. What should the nurse understand about this behavior?
- A. The patient is embarrassed by the questions.
- B. This is culturally appropriate behavior.
- C. The patient dislikes the nurse.
- D. The patient does not understand what is being asked.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In some Hispanic cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, not embarrassment or misunderstanding.
A nurse walks by a patients room and observes a Shaman performing a healing ritual for the patient. The nurse then remarks to a coworker that the ritual is a waste of time and disruptive to the other patients on the floor. This nurse is displaying the feelings associated with:
- A. culture conflict
- B. cultural blindness
- C. stereotyping
- D. cultural shock
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse's dismissive attitude reflects culture conflict, which arises when differing cultural practices clash.