Nokea
Which of the following statements best defines how a chemical becomes a drug?
- A. A chemical must have a proven therapeutic value or efficacy without severe toxicity or damaging properties to become a drug.
- B. A chemical becomes a drug when it is introduced into the body to cause a change.
- C. A chemical is considered a drug when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves its release to be marketed.
- D. A chemical must have demonstrated therapeutic value to become a drug.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A chemical must undergo a series of tests to determine its therapeutic value and efficacy without severe toxicity or damaging properties before it is termed a drug. Test results are reported to the FDA, which may or may not give approval.
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Valerian tea causes relaxation and can be used to help a patient fall asleep. Overdosage of valerian (more than 2.5 gm/dose) may lead to:
- A. Cardiac disturbances
- B. Central nervous system depression
- C. Respiratory depression
- D. Skin rashes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Valerian overdose can cause cardiac disturbances due to its sedative effects.
Which drug(s) would be considered to be in the category Schedule II? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Marijuana
- B. Morphine
- C. Amphetamines
- D. Fiorinal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Percodan and amphetamines are Schedule II drugs with high abuse potential. Marijuana is Schedule I, Fiorinal is Schedule III.
A nurse is reading a journal article about seasonal allergies and comes across the name of the drug loratadine. The nurse identifies this drug name as which of the following?
- A. Chemical
- B. Generic
- C. Trade
- D. Brand
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The generic name is the name given to a drug that can be made or marketed by any company and is the name given to the drug by the FDA. The chemical name is the scientific term that describes the molecular structure of the drugs, typically the chemical components. The trade or brand name of the drug is the name selected by a specific company for marketing purposes and is followed by a trademark symbol or registered trademark symbol.
Which of the following is natural mineralcorticoid:
- A. Methylprednisolone
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Triamcinolone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is the natural mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands.
The American Dietetic Association recommends pregnant women take a supplement including:
- A. 1,000 IU daily of vitamin D
- B. 2.4 mcg/day of vitamin B12
- C. 600 mcg/day of folic acid
- D. 8 mg/day of iron
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 600 mcg/day of folic acid is recommended during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects.