Nokea
When comparing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medications, which of the following holds true?
- A. Both have major issues with a dry, irritating cough
- B. Both contribute to some retention of potassium
- C. ARBs have a stronger impact on hypertension control than ACE medications
- D. ARBs have stronger diabetes mellitus renal protection properties than ACE medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Both ACEIs and ARBs cause potassium retention due to reduced aldosterone.
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The American Dietetic Association recommends pregnant women take a supplement including:
- A. 1,000 IU daily of vitamin D
- B. 2.4 mcg/day of vitamin B12
- C. 600 mcg/day of folic acid
- D. 8 mg/day of iron
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 600 mcg/day of folic acid is recommended during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects.
When describing the various types of medications to a group of nursing students, a nursing instructor would identify which of the following as a source for deriving medications?
- A. Plants
- B. Synthetic sources
- C. Mold
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medications are derived from natural sources, for example, plants, molds, minerals, and animals, as well as created synthetically in a laboratory.
Sallie has been taking 10 mg per day of prednisone for the past 6 months. She should be assessed for:
- A. Gout
- B. Iron deficiency anemia
- C. Osteoporosis
- D. Renal dysfunction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic prednisone increases osteoporosis risk via bone loss; gout or anemia are less direct.
A nurse in the post-anesthesia care unit is caring for a client who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Place a cooling blanket on the client.
- B. Administer oxygen at 100%.
- C. Administer iced 0.9% sodium chloride.
- D. Administer blood, 0.1% sodium chloride.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cooling , oxygen , iced saline , and temperature monitoring manage malignant hyperthermia.
The patient is prescribed a medication that was just placed in Phase IV study. The patient tells the nurse, This medication is too expensive. Could the doctor order a generic form of this medication? What is the nurses most accurate response?
- A. Medications are not produced in generic form until the patent expires, which normally takes several years.
- B. You can request the generic form but the binder used may make the drug less effective for this medication.
- C. The generic form of the medication would not be any less expensive because this is a relatively new medication.
- D. Generic medications are lower quality drugs and that would mean you would not be getting the best treatment available.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a new drug enters the market, it is given a time-limited patent; generic forms of the medication cannot be produced until the patent expires. Because no generic version of this drug will exist because it is so new, it is impossible to predict what binder will be used or what the cost would be.