Nokea
While taking an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), patients need to avoid certain over-the-counter drugs without first consulting the provider because:
- A. Cimetidine is metabolized by the CYP 3A4 isoenzymes
- B. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce prostaglandin levels
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NSAIDs reduce prostaglandins, counteracting ARB's renal protective effects.
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Sallie has been taking 10 mg per day of prednisone for the past 6 months. She should be assessed for:
- A. Gout
- B. Iron deficiency anemia
- C. Osteoporosis
- D. Renal dysfunction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic prednisone increases osteoporosis risk via bone loss; gout or anemia are less direct.
Which of the following drugs is CORRECTLY paired with its ECG effects?
- A. Lidocaine; decreased QRS and PR intervals
- B. Metoprolol: increased QRS duration
- C. Flecainide: increased PR, QRS, and QT intervals
- D. Verapamil: increased PR interval
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Verapamil slows AV conduction, increasing PR interval.
Which of the following has a stimulative effect on adrenal glands:
- A. Gonadotropins
- B. Thyrotropic hormone
- C. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
- D. Melanocyt stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol and other steroids.
A nurse is assessing a client who takes Lithium Carbonate for the treatment of Bipolar disorder. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings as a possible indication of toxicity to this medication?
- A. Severe hypertension
- B. Coarse tremors
- C. Constipation
- D. Muscle spasm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coarse tremors are a common sign of lithium toxicity, indicating neurological effects.
Monitoring for a patient being prescribed iron for iron deficiency anemia includes:
- A. Reticulocyte count 1 week after therapy is started
- B. Complete blood count every 2 weeks throughout therapy
- C. Hemoglobin level at 1 week of therapy
- D. INR weekly throughout therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reticulocyte count at 1 week assesses iron therapy response; CBC or hemoglobin checks are later, and INR is irrelevant.