Which of the following statements best describes the application of moral or ethical theory to the practices involved in health promotion?
- A. One can be assured of morally correct action in a given situation if one adheres to a theory of moral principles.
- B. There are no identifiable criteria that can be used effectively to determine correct actions in a given situation.
- C. The good of the larger population always takes precedence over the good of one individual.
- D. Making ethical decisions regarding human health involves the consideration of multiple factors.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ethical decisions about human health require multiple factors to be considered, as it's not always clear-cut.
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A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents about the self-perception–self-concept pattern of a toddler. Which of the following statements would the nurse most likely make?
- A. “Temper tantrums are expected, so always give in to them.”
- B. “Put your toddler in time out if he has a temper tantrum.”
- C. “Childproof your home.”
- D. “Always provide your toddler with challenging toys.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Childproofing the home is essential for safety as toddlers explore their environment, often leading to risky behavior.
Who authored the framework which provides the foundation for nursing assessment and diagnosis using the functional health patterns?
- A. Erikson
- B. Gordon
- C. Newman
- D. Nightingale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gordon developed the framework for functional health patterns, which is foundational for nursing assessment.
Which of the following describes a nurse who is “being with” the client?
- A. Answers a call bell
- B. Completes a dressing change
- C. Silently prays with a client when requested to do so
- D. Teaches a client about his or her medication regime
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Entering the client’s world and praying with him or her when requested to do so exemplifies truly “being with” the client.
Which sleep ritual is age-appropriate for a preschooler?
- A. Asking for every light in the home to be turned on at bedtime
- B. Saying good night to all 20 stuffed animals in the room before going to sleep
- C. Going right to sleep
- D. Asking the parent to read all books on the bookshelf before going to bed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers have longer and more rigid bedtime rituals, which may include saying good night to their toys.
Which of the following statements about nonverbal communication is true?
- A. Nonverbal behavior is not usually contextual.
- B. Nonverbal behavior is culturally and situationally bound.
- C. Nonverbal communication is the most important type of communication.
- D. Nonverbal communication is easy to interpret.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonverbal communication is influenced by cultural and situational factors, which affect its interpretation.