FNP Pediatric Practice Questions

FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Related

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Which of the following statements is true regarding Joel's disorder? a.Hemophilia is an autosomal dominant disorder in which the woman carries the trait

  • A. Hemophilia follows regular laws of Mendelian inherited disorders such as sickle ceil anemia
  • B. This disorder can be carried by either male or female but occurs in the sex opposite that of the carrier
  • C. Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder in which the mother is usually the carrier of the illness but is not affected by it
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder, meaning the gene responsible for hemophilia is carried on the X chromosome. Typically, hemophilia is passed down from a carrier mother to her male offspring who then express the disorder. This is because males have only one X chromosome (inherited from their mother), making them more vulnerable to X-linked disorders. Females have two X chromosomes, which means that even if one carries the hemophilia gene, the other X chromosome may carry a normal gene that can compensate, making females less likely to exhibit symptoms of hemophilia. In this case, Joel's disorder aligns with the typical pattern of inheritance for hemophilia as described in statement C.

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A 15-month-old toddler was able to do all the following EXCEPT

  • A. walks alone
  • B. makes tower of 3 cubes
  • C. inserts raisin in a bottle
  • D. responds to his/her name
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Responding to name usually occurs earlier, around 6-9 months.

When can a donor and recipient of blood be considered compatible?

  • A. If there is no change in the blood color when both samples are mixed in the laboratory
  • B. If there are blood clots when both samples are mixed in the laboratory
  • C. If there is no clumping or hemolysis when both samples are mixed in the laboratory
  • D. If a blood drop does not sink when dropped in water after both samples are mixed in the laboratory
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Compatibility between a donor and recipient of blood is determined by testing for compatibility of blood types. The most common blood typing systems are ABO and Rh. In compatibility testing, both the donor and recipient blood samples are mixed in the laboratory. If there is no clumping (agglutination) or hemolysis (rupture of red blood cells) observed when the samples are mixed, then the donor and recipient are considered compatible. Clumping or hemolysis indicates an incompatible blood transfusion, which can lead to serious complications like agglutination, blood clotting, or immune responses. Therefore, the absence of clumping or hemolysis is a key indicator of blood compatibility in transfusion medicine.

The MOST common cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children is

  • A. obesity
  • B. allergies
  • C. adenotonsillar hypertrophy
  • D. pharyngeal reactive edema due to gastroesophageal reflux
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children.

The nurse has been teaching an adult who has iron deficiency anemia about those foods that she needs to include in her meal plans. Which of the following, if selected, would indicate to the nurse that the client understands the dietary instructions?

  • A. Citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables
  • B. Bananas and nuts
  • C. Coffee and tea
  • D. Dairy products
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin C and non-heme iron, which can help improve iron absorption in individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Bananas and nuts do not have a direct impact on iron absorption. Coffee and tea contain compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dairy products, while an important part of a balanced diet, do not specifically aid in improving iron levels. Thus, selecting citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables indicates that the client understands the dietary instructions provided by the nurse to manage iron deficiency anemia.

Beta-adrenergic agonists such as albuterol are given to Reggie, a child with asthma. Such drugs are administered primarily to do which of the following?

  • A. Dilate the bronchioles
  • B. Reduce secondary infections
  • C. Decrease postnasal drip
  • D. Reduce airway inflammation
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists like albuterol primarily work by relaxing and dilating the bronchioles, which are the smaller airways in the lungs. This leads to quick relief of asthma symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. By opening up the airways, these medications help improve airflow and make it easier for the individual to breathe. Beta-adrenergic agonists do not directly reduce airway inflammation, but they do provide immediate relief during an asthma attack by targeting bronchoconstriction.

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