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Egg Replacements in Baking
Eggs are an important staple of many baking recipes. They serve several crucial functions, such as binding, leavening, and providing moisture to the final product. However, some people are unable to consume eggs for a variety of reasons. If you are one of these people, baking can seem daunting. Fortunately, there are several substitutions that will allow you to continue enjoying your delicious treats without using eggs.
Two popular egg replacements are applesauce and banana. These things work well enough to provide moisture to your dessert, but they are suboptimal replacements overall, because providing moisture is only one function of the egg. When using applesauce or banana in place of eggs, you may find that your baked goods crumble or do not rise properly. Luckily, here are other ways to achieve binding and leavening effects that are more similar to those of eggs.

Eggs help emulsify the disparate ingredients of your recipe into one homogenous batter or dough. To achieve this, it is most effective to use something with protein or fat that will bind to the starch. One option is a quarter cup of plain yogurt, sour cream, or buttermilk for each egg- either dairy or non-dairy will work just fine. Another option is ground flax or chia seeds. For each egg, combine 1 tablespoon of ground seeds with 3 tablespoons of warm water and leave the mixture to rest at room temperature for about 10 minutes before using.

Eggs help emulsify the disparate ingredients of your recipe into one homogenous batter or dough. To achieve this, it is most effective to use something with protein or fat that will bind to the starch. One option is a quarter cup of plain yogurt, sour cream, or buttermilk for each egg- either dairy or non-dairy will work just fine. Another option is ground flax or chia seeds. For each egg, combine 1 tablespoon of ground seeds with 3 tablespoons of warm water and leave the mixture to rest at room temperature for about 10 minutes before using.

Either of these options will effectively bind your ingredients. However, if you are baking something that needs to rise, like a cake, you may want to give your dessert a little additional help. In this case, mix 1 teaspoon of baking soda with 1 tablespoon of a neutral-flavored vinegar, such as white or apple cider, and add this mixture alongside the other wet ingredients.

Which of the following textual evidence is used by the author to reinforce their claim that egg substitutions are plentiful?

  • A. There are both dairy and nondairy options for egg replacements.
  • B. Banana or applesauce provide the moisture necessary for baked products.
  • C. Emulsification can lead to ruined recipes.
  • D. Leavening is the amateur chef's biggest challenge.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the author mentions that either dairy or non-dairy options like plain yogurt, sour cream, or buttermilk can effectively replace eggs. This emphasizes the plentiful options available for egg substitutions. Choice B is incorrect as it only addresses the moisture aspect of egg replacements, which is not the main focus of the author's claim about the variety of substitutions. Choices C and D are not relevant to the author's discussion on egg substitutions in baking.

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Alice was not scared. Not at all. Maybe a little bit. But she was determined to confront the ghost in her house. Alice lived in a farmhouse built in 1921. All of the floors and doors were original; the doors even had skeleton key locks. But by far the most terrifying part of the house was the basement. She kept that door locked and ignored the thumps, crashes, and cries that came from below the house. What made Alice determined to confront the ghost today was the especially loud crashes the previous night. She'd gotten no sleep, convinced the ghost was going to break through the door and do something horrible. What, she wasn't sure, but the ghost would do something.
Alice hadn't seen the ghost, but what else could be making loud noises in an old house? The one time she had been down in the basement was after buying the house unseen. Once she saw the shelves with old glass jars, she was a little put off. But what made her keep the door shut and locked was the abrupt end of the concrete floor halfway across the room. Because nothing good ever happened in a basement with a dirt floor. Alice had seen enough horror movies to know that.
Alice stared at the basement door, trying to gather enough confidence to open it and march down the stairs like she owned the place. Because she did-or she would, once she finished paying her mortgage in 30 years. Alice took a deep breath and yanked the door open. She marched down the stairs, only to stop abruptly at the bottom. Because she was face to face with not a ghost at all. It was a calico cat, one who looked utterly unimpressed by her brave journey into the basement.

Which of the following pieces of evidence from the text supports the prediction that Alice finally entered the basement because she was frustrated?

  • A. She kept that door locked and ignored the thumps, crashes, and cries that came from below the house.
  • B. The one time she had been down in the basement was after buying the house unseen.
  • C. Because nothing good ever happened in a basement with a dirt floor.
  • D. She'd gotten no sleep, convinced the ghost was going to break through the door and do something horrible.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the evidence provided in the text shows that Alice's lack of sleep and fear of the ghost breaking through the door led her to finally confront the situation. Her frustration and fear of potential harm drove her to take action, as indicated by her sleepless night worrying about the ghost's intentions. This demonstrates that Alice's decision to enter the basement was fueled by her emotional state of being convinced that something terrible would happen if she didn't act. The other options do not directly support the idea of frustration as the primary motivator for entering the basement. Choice A illustrates her avoidance behavior, Choice B highlights a past experience without indicating frustration, and Choice C reflects a general belief about basements without tying it to her specific emotional drive to confront the ghost.

For thousands of years, several characteristics have been consistent across human societies around the world. Animal husbandry, agriculture, and artistic expression are some of the similarities all societies share. Another similarity is the mustache. So now I mustache a question: why have mustaches had such a notable presence in human history? Humans have been shaving for as long as there has been facial hair to shave. However, it is in the past several centuries that mustaches have undergone a more creative transformation. Now, there are many different types of mustaches. The Handlebar, Pencil, and Walrus are only a few of the many types known today. With just a sharpened razor and some mustache wax, the creativity of people and their mustaches can be endless. Though the popularity of the mustache in different cultures varies over time, it has certainly influenced other creations. In the 1800s and early 1900s, mustaches were so popular that a new style of drinking cup, the mustache cup, was created. The mustache cup had a built-in covering over the top so mustaches would not be touched by the beverage. A more recent example of the mark of mustaches can be seen by the first World Mustache Tournament in 2013. The mustache truly is part of the human experience. Due to its place in the human experience, the mustache is a symbol with varied significance: power, prestige, beauty. When one thinks of mustaches, one may think of a villain from silent films, twisting the ends of his mustache. One may also think of a respected leader with a mustache of prominence. Perhaps one may think of people with famous mustaches: Tom Selleck, Burt Reynolds, and Charlie Chaplin, to name a few. No matter what one pictures when thinking of mustaches, it is clear that the mustache has a substantial effect on human perception.

For what reason did the author include information about the World Mustache Tournament?

  • A. To emphasize the prestige associated with mustaches
  • B. To encourage readers to participate in the tournament
  • C. To highlight the competitive nature of people with mustaches
  • D. To demonstrate that mustaches remain popular in modern times
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The author included information about the World Mustache Tournament to showcase that mustaches maintain relevance and popularity in contemporary times. By referencing this event, the passage indicates that mustaches continue to be celebrated and have a significant presence in modern culture. This serves to highlight the enduring appeal and influence of mustaches on society, contradicting any notion that they are outdated or no longer relevant. The World Mustache Tournament is used as an example to demonstrate the ongoing interest and significance of mustaches, supporting the idea that they have not lost their popularity over time.

Considering that the high school football team's equipment is missing, which of the following pieces of evidence suggests what happened to the equipment?

  • A. Many of the players' parents have raised concerns over the potential for head injuries in contact football.
  • B. The equipment has failed a recent safety inspection.
  • C. The football team often exchanged pranks with their biggest rival, a high school team from the next town.
  • D. The school board has instituted budget cuts to the football program.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most plausible explanation for the missing equipment could be related to a prank exchange between the football team and their rival team from the neighboring town. Since the equipment is missing and there is a history of pranks between the teams, it is likely that this rivalry led to the disappearance of the equipment. The other options, such as parents' concerns about head injuries, failed safety inspection, or budget cuts, do not directly relate to the sudden disappearance of the equipment.

Which of the following statements about a thesis statement is correct?

  • A. It is the secondary idea in a piece of writing.
  • B. It is the central idea in a piece of writing.
  • C. It is the primary idea in a piece of writing.
  • D. It is a fact that has been proven by the scientific community.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A thesis statement is the central idea or main point that a writer puts forward in a piece of writing. It serves as a roadmap for the reader, outlining the purpose and direction of the text. The thesis statement is crucial in guiding the content and structure of the writing, making option B the correct choice in this context.

The clues in the sentence were so helpful, the reader was able to fathom the meaning of the word beyond a shadow of a doubt.

Which of the following is a synonym for 'fathom' as used in the sentence above?

  • A. Consider
  • B. Ascertain
  • C. Sound
  • D. Pronounce
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The word 'fathom' in the sentence implies understanding or comprehending deeply. 'Ascertain' is the appropriate synonym as it means to find out or determine with certainty, which aligns well with the idea of fully grasping the meaning of a word beyond doubt. Therefore, 'Ascertain' is the correct choice as it best reflects the depth of understanding conveyed by the word 'fathom' in the sentence.

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