Nokea
Which of the following vitamins helps in the maturation of red blood cells?
- A. Vitamin D.
- B. Vitamin A.
- C. Vitamin B12.
- D. Vitamin B.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is essential for the maturation of red blood cells and DNA synthesis.
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In case of atrophic gastritis, deficiency in vitamin B12 result from damage of:
- A. Chief cells
- B. Enterocytes
- C. Parietal cells
- D. Stem cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor, necessary for vitamin B12 absorption; their damage in atrophic gastritis leads to B12 deficiency.
What additional role does the pancreas play?
- A. Regulates blood sugar
- B. Produces bile
- C. Stores vitamins
- D. Secretes mucus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pancreas has an endocrine role, releasing insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.
About nasopharynx all true except:
- A. Lined by pseudostratified epith.
- B. Contain pharyngeal tonsil.
- C. Contain palatine tonsil
- D. Follow nasal cavity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nasopharynx is lined by pseudostratified ciliated epithelium and contains the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids), but the palatine tonsils are located in the oropharynx, not the nasopharynx.
The function of the parietal cells of the stomach is to:
- A. Secrete pepsinogen for protein digestion
- B. Secrete mucus for lubrication
- C. Secrete the hormone gastrin
- D. Produce intrinsic factor required for absorption of vitamin B12
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parietal cells produce intrinsic factor, essential for vitamin B12 absorption, and hydrochloric acid, not the other functions listed.
Teeth adapted to shear food are:
- A. premolars
- B. canines
- C. incisors
- D. molars
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incisors are sharp-edged teeth designed for cutting or shearing food.