Nokea
Which of the following will not worsen PD symptoms?
- A. Haloperidol
- B. Metoclopramide
- C. Prochlorperazine
- D. Rasagiline
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rasagiline is a MAO-B inhibitor used to treat PD and does not worsen symptoms, unlike dopamine antagonists like haloperidol and metoclopramide.
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To assist a patient diagnosed with a somatic system disorder, a nursing intervention of high priority is to:
- A. imply that somatic symptoms are not real.
- B. help the patient suppress feelings of anger.
- C. shift the focus from somatic symptoms to feelings.
- D. investigate each physical symptom as soon as it is reported.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Choice C: Shifting the focus from somatic symptoms to feelings is crucial as it helps address the underlying emotional factors contributing to the somatic system disorder. By exploring the patient's emotions and addressing them, the nurse can help the patient gain insight into their condition and potentially reduce the somatic symptoms. This intervention promotes holistic care by addressing both physical and emotional aspects of the disorder.
Summary of other choices:
A: Implying that somatic symptoms are not real can invalidate the patient's experience and hinder therapeutic progress.
B: Helping the patient suppress feelings of anger can lead to emotional repression and exacerbate somatic symptoms.
D: Investigating each physical symptom as soon as it is reported may overlook the emotional root causes of the somatic system disorder.
Nurse Thompson is overseeing the care of a patient with Parkinson's disease, diagnosed with Impaired Physical Mobility due to neuromuscular issues. She notices various activities performed by a nursing assistant (NA) and needs to decide if any require her immediate intervention. Which action by the NA should prompt Nurse Thompson to intervene?
- A. Placing the patient in a chair without using a transfer belt.
- B. Assisting the patient in ambulating with a gait belt.
- C. Helping the patient with feeding using adaptive utensils.
- D. Encouraging the patient to perform active range of motion exercises.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the patient in a chair without a transfer belt increases the risk of falls and injury, requiring immediate intervention.
Mr. Smith develops signs of increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following medications is likely to be ordered for Mr. Smith?
- A. Mannitol
- B. Insulin
- C. Morphine sulfate
- D. Penicillin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure.
The nurse notes that a patient has a history of falling. Which part of the brain should the nurse question as being affected in this patient?
- A. Medulla
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Frontal lobes
- D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordination, balance, and posture, making it the most likely area affected in a patient with a history of falling. The medulla regulates vital functions, the frontal lobes control voluntary movement, and the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis. The cerebellum's role in motor control is essential for assessing balance issues.
Gaps in the myelin sheath are called _______.
- A. nodes of Ranvier
- B. the synapse
- C. axonal interstices
- D. myelinoids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nodes of Ranvier are small gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon of a neuron. These gaps allow for the rapid conduction of nerve impulses through a process called saltatory conduction, where the action potential 'jumps' from one node to the next. This increases the speed and efficiency of neural communication. Nodes of Ranvier are essential for proper nerve function and are found in both the peripheral and central nervous systems.