Nokea
Which of the following would describe the discomfort experienced by a client with a tension headache?
- A. A heavy feeling over the frontal region
- B. and sensitivity to light
- C. Pressure or steady constriction on both sides of the head
- D. Headache and temporary unilateral paralysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tension headaches often feel like a tight band around the head.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the consequence for the ability of motor neurons to find their correct targets, if a section of the spinal cord is rotated, so that the antero-posterior axis is reversed?
- A. Anterior motor neurons enter the limb in a bundle in the posterior instead of the anterior, but then take novel pathways to find the correct anterior muscles to innervate.
- B. Anterior motor neurons enter the limb in a bundle in the posterior instead of the anterior, and follow pathways intended for posterior neurons to make contacts with posterior muscles.
- C. Anterior motor neurons change their course to enter the limb in the anterior, but take their usual pathways to find the correct anterior muscles.
- D. The motor neurons grow over to the other side of the spinal cord and resume their normal pathways into muscles on their normal side of the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the antero-posterior axis of the spinal cord is reversed, motor neurons follow their intrinsic programming and enter the limb in the reversed position. They then innervate muscles based on their new position, leading to incorrect connections. This demonstrates the importance of spatial cues in guiding motor neurons to their correct targets.
What is the strongest known risk factor for MS?
- A. cigarette smoking
- B. genetics
- C. obesity
- D. living in northern climates
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genetics is the strongest known risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). While environmental factors like vitamin D deficiency and smoking can influence risk, having a family history of MS significantly increases an individual's likelihood of developing the condition.
The following signs occur in ipsilateral interruption of the cervical sympathetic trunk:
- A. enophthalmos
- B. ptosis
- C. vasodilatation in the skin of the face
- D. All above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Interruption of the cervical sympathetic trunk leads to Horner's syndrome, characterized by ipsilateral ptosis (drooping eyelid), miosis (pupil constriction), and anhidrosis (lack of sweating). Enophthalmos (sunken eye) and vasodilatation in the facial skin may also occur due to loss of sympathetic tone.
The presence of hemianesthesia, hemianopia & sensory hemiataxia suggests damage to the following:
- A. internal capsule
- B. thalamus opticus
- C. spinal cord
- D. black substance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thalamus opticus is the correct answer because it is a key relay station for sensory information, including pain, temperature, and visual signals. Damage to the thalamus can result in hemianesthesia (sensory loss on one side), hemianopia (visual field loss on one side), and sensory hemiataxia (loss of coordination on one side) due to disrupted sensory processing.
Which of the following measures should be taken by the nurse to help relieve edema in a client with tissue injury?
- A. Massaging the swollen body part
- B. Taking a prescribed analgesic
- C. Applying a cold pack to the swollen body part
- D. Keeping the swollen body part above the level of the heart
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the affected area helps reduce edema by improving venous return.