Which of these cells are not a type of neuroglia found in the CNS:
- A. astrocytes
- B. microglia
- C. Schwann cells
- D. ependymal cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), not the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes are all types of neuroglia found in the CNS. Thus, C is the correct answer.
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For a patient diagnosed with dissociative amnesia, complete this outcome: Within 4 weeks, the patient will demonstrate an ability to execute complex mental processes by:
- A. functioning independently.
- B. verbalizing feelings of safety.
- C. regularly attending diversional activities.
- D. describing previously forgotten experiences.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient diagnosed with dissociative amnesia typically struggles with memory loss. By describing previously forgotten experiences, the patient demonstrates progress in accessing and processing their memories. This indicates improvement in their ability to execute complex mental processes.
A - Functioning independently is too broad and does not directly address the cognitive aspect of dissociative amnesia.
B - Verbalizing feelings of safety focuses more on emotional regulation rather than cognitive abilities.
C - Regularly attending diversional activities may be beneficial for overall well-being but does not specifically target the core issue of memory impairment in dissociative amnesia.
Which of the following nursing interventions should be done in the case of a client who has a head injury obtained from being thrown off of a motorcycle?
- A. Assess LOC every hour or more often if needed
- B. Put the code cart outside the client's room
- C. Keep the client quiet in bed
- D. Allow one visitor at a time
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent assessments of LOC are critical to detect worsening neurological status.
What is the primary medicinal treatment for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)?
- A. oral anticholinesterase drugs
- B. retrodopa
- C. high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin
- D. high-dose intravenous vitamin C
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the primary treatment for Guillain-Barré syndrome. It helps modulate the immune response and reduce the severity of symptoms by neutralizing harmful antibodies.
A sensory neuron of the peripheral nervous system take nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the ________ .
- A. motor neurons
- B. interneurons
- C. autonomic nervous system
- D. central nervous system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) transmit nerve impulses from sensory receptors (e.g., in the skin, eyes, or ears) to the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord. These neurons play a crucial role in detecting external and internal stimuli, such as touch, temperature, and pain, and relaying this information to the CNS for processing and response.
Hemiplegia, hemianesthesia & hemianopia develop together with disease in the:
- A. spinal cord
- B. internal capsule
- C. thalamus
- D. brainstem
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Internal capsule is the correct answer because it contains ascending and descending nerve fibers that transmit motor and sensory information between the brain and the spinal cord. Damage to the internal capsule can result in hemiplegia (paralysis on one side), hemianesthesia (sensory loss on one side), and hemianopia (visual field loss on one side) due to the dense concentration of these fibers in this region.