Nokea
Which of these nutrients is absorbed mainly in the duodenum?
- A. glucose
- B. iron
- C. sodium
- D. water
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: iron. Iron is mainly absorbed in the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. Here's the rationale:
1. Duodenum is where iron absorption begins.
2. Iron is absorbed through the duodenal mucosal cells.
3. The acidic environment in the duodenum enhances iron absorption.
4. Other nutrients like glucose are mainly absorbed in the small intestine but not specifically in the duodenum.
5. Sodium and water are primarily absorbed in the small intestine, with water being absorbed throughout the digestive tract.
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In which region of the GI tract is the longitudinal muscle of the muscularis arranged into distinct longitudinal bundles?
- A. Duodenum
- B. Jejunum
- C. Ileum
- D. Colon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Colon. The colon has the longitudinal muscle of the muscularis arranged into distinct longitudinal bundles called taeniae coli. This unique structure helps in the formation of haustra, the pouches seen in the colon. In contrast, the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum do not have this specific arrangement of longitudinal muscle bundles. The duodenum has a smooth muscle layer, while the jejunum and ileum have a continuous layer of smooth muscle without distinct longitudinal bundles. Therefore, the colon is the region of the GI tract where the longitudinal muscle is organized into distinct bundles.
When teaching a patient about weight reduction diets
- A. the nurse teaches the patient that an appropriate single serving of a food is
- B. a 6-inch bagel.
- C. 1 cup of chopped vegetables.
- D. a piece of cheese the size of three dice.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A serving of protein is typically the size of a deck of cards (approximately 3-4 oz), which helps patients understand appropriate portion sizes.
The home health nurse is caring for a patient with tuberculosis who is taking rifampin and isoniazid (INH). The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential side effect?
- A. Gallstones
- B. Liver disorders
- C. Bleeding ulcers
- D. Esophagitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver disorders. Rifampin and isoniazid are known to cause hepatotoxicity as a potential side effect. The combination of these two medications can lead to liver damage, making it crucial for the nurse to monitor liver function tests regularly. Gallstones (A), bleeding ulcers (C), and esophagitis (D) are not typically associated with rifampin and isoniazid therapy. Monitoring for liver disorders is essential due to the risk of hepatotoxicity with these medications.
Your physician measures your blood pressure as 120/110. What SHOULD be your response?
- A. you're not concerned because the higher of the two numbers is normal
- B. you're concerned because the diastolic number indicates your heart will have to work harder
- C. you're not concerned because these numbers mean nothing in terms of heart function
- D. you're concerned because the systolic number is too low and your cardiac output will decrease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: you're concerned because the diastolic number indicates your heart will have to work harder. This is because the diastolic number (110) represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats, which should ideally be below 80. A high diastolic pressure indicates increased resistance in the arteries, making the heart work harder to pump blood. The systolic number (120) being within the normal range is not as concerning as the elevated diastolic pressure.
Summary:
- Choice A is incorrect because the diastolic number being high is a cause for concern.
- Choice C is incorrect as blood pressure numbers are crucial indicators of heart function.
- Choice D is incorrect as the systolic number being low is not the primary concern in this case.
Which of the following is not a part of the digestive system?
- A. Liver
- B. Gallbladder
- C. absorption-neet-mcq/ 8/13 1/17/25, 2:54 PM Digestion and Absorption NEET MCQ 2024
- D. Lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lungs. The lungs are not a part of the digestive system. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients, absorbing those nutrients, and eliminating waste. The lungs are part of the respiratory system, responsible for gas exchange. Liver (A) and gallbladder (B) are both part of the digestive system, aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption. Absorption (C) is a process within the digestive system, not a separate entity. In summary, the lungs do not play a role in the digestion process, making them the correct answer choice.