Questions to Ask About Neurological System

Questions to Ask About Neurological System Related

Review Questions to Ask About Neurological System related questions and content

Which of these statements about the peripheral nervous system is correct?

  • A. The CNs enter the brain through the spinal cord.
  • B. Efferent fibers carry sensory input to the central nervous system through the spinal cord.
  • C. The peripheral nerves are inside the central nervous system and carry impulses through their motor fibers.
  • D. The peripheral nerves carry input to the central nervous system by afferent fibers and away from the central nervous system by efferent fibers.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the peripheral nerves carry sensory input to the central nervous system by afferent fibers and motor commands away from the central nervous system by efferent fibers. This is known as the afferent-efferent division of the peripheral nervous system. Choice A is incorrect because cranial nerves (CNs) enter the brain directly, not through the spinal cord. Choice B is incorrect because efferent fibers carry motor commands away from the central nervous system, not sensory input. Choice C is incorrect because peripheral nerves are outside the central nervous system and do not carry impulses through motor fibers; instead, they carry motor commands through efferent fibers.

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Nurse Hernandez is conducting an assessment of a client with Parkinson's disease. During the evaluation, she identifies bradykinesia when she observes the client displaying:

  • A. Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.
  • B. Inability to move the limbs.
  • C. Tremor that occurs with purposeful movement.
  • D. A noticeable reduction in voluntary movements.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Bradykinesia refers to the slowness of movement, a hallmark symptom of Parkinson's disease.

Which of the following pathways is not concerned with posture and movement?

  • A. Spinocerebellar
  • B. Vestibulospinal
  • C. Tractus solitarius
  • D. ?
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The tractus solitarius is involved in taste and visceral sensation, not posture and movement. The spinocerebellar and vestibulospinal tracts are involved in motor coordination and balance.

The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as ______ while the shallow grooves are termed ______.

  • A. sulci; gyri
  • B. gyri; sulci
  • C. ganglia; gyri
  • D. tracts; ganglia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The elevated ridges on the cerebral hemispheres are called gyri, and the shallow grooves are called sulci. Ganglia, tracts, receptors, and effectors are unrelated to these structures. Thus, B is the correct answer.

A patient exhibits sudden, severe headache and neck stiffness. What should the nurse do first?

  • A. Perform a neurologic assessment and evaluate for signs of meningeal irritation.
  • B. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
  • C. Check the patient's blood glucose levels.
  • D. Inspect the patient's throat.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sudden, severe headache and neck stiffness may indicate meningitis. A neurologic assessment and evaluation for meningeal irritation are critical. Blood pressure, glucose levels, and throat inspection are secondary.

An 80-year-old with newly diagnosed PD and a history of memory problems and confusion is best treated with:

  • A. Amantadine
  • B. Carbidopa/levodopa
  • C. Trihexyphenidyl
  • D. Ropinirole
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Carbidopa/levodopa is preferred for elderly patients with cognitive issues, as other medications like anticholinergics can worsen confusion.

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