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Which one of the following is an associated domain of outcomes measurement?
- A. Nursing care plans
- B. Nursing care pathways
- C. Evidence-informed best practice guidelines
- D. Professional association standards of practice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An associated domain of outcomes measurement is the use of evidence-informed best practice guidelines as a support to nurse decision making in the delivery of quality nursing care.
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The first documented study in health care and nursing based on standards is attributed to which following person?
- A. Jean Watson
- B. Virginia Henderson
- C. Florence Nightingale
- D. Sister Mary Dorothy Ross
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first documented study in health care and nursing, based on the use of standards, is attributed to Florence Nightingale, who, in 1858, investigated the quality of care provided to military personnel.
Which committee became responsible for accrediting hospitals, beginning in 1958 ?
- A. Commission for the Study of Hospitals
- B. Joint Committee on Accreditation of Hospitals
- C. Canadian Council on Hospital Services Accreditation
- D. Canadian Association of Hospital Accreditation Board
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In 1952, the Joint Committee on Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH) was formed, assuming responsibility for accrediting Canadian hospitals until 1958, when the Canadian Council on Hospital Services Accreditation (CCHSA) was established to accredit health care agencies in Canada.
What clinical outcome was supported in the Canadian Council on Health Services Accreditation (CCHISA) Survey Standards in the early 1990s and is now reflected in the C-HOBIC standards of care in Canada?
- A. A quality improvement focus
- B. Facility-wide integration of processes
- C. Clinical outcomes for evidence-informed nursing practice
- D. Methods for identifying unsafe practice by health care providers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the early 1990s, the CCHSA Survey Standards included clinical outcomes to support evidence-informed nursing care that are now reflected in the C-HOBIC standardized clinical outcomes.
Which following quality management tool would be the most appropriate for displaying data over time - for example, showing the length of time a non-emergent patient waits to be seen in the questions.csvemergency department?
- A. A flow chart
- B. A histogram
- C. A check sheet
- D. A check sheet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate quality management tool for displaying data over time (e.g., the length of time a non-emergent patient waits to see a nurse in the emergency department) is a run chart. Note: The correct answer is a run chart, but due to an error in the provided options, 'check sheet' is listed as the correct answer in the source. This response corrects the rationale to reflect that a run chart is the appropriate tool.
Which one of the following is a limitation of most quality assurance programs?
- A. The high validity of the instruments used for evaluation
- B. The retrospective focus on achievement of standards
- C. The need to achieve predetermined standards in the clinical setting
- D. The acceptable reliability of the instruments used for assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A limitation of quality assurance programs is the retrospective focus on achievement of standards. Considerable emphasis of quality-monitoring activities occurred after the fact when it was least possible to make necessary changes.