Neurological Review of Systems Questions

Neurological Review of Systems Questions Related

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Which one of the following is the correct sequence of events that follows a threshold potential: 1. the membrane becomes depolarized 2. sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward 3. the membrane becomes repolarized 4. potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell

  • A. 3,2,4,1
  • B. 2,1,4,3
  • C. 2,1,3,4
  • D. 1,2,4,3
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct sequence is: sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward (2), the membrane becomes depolarized (1), potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell (4), and the membrane becomes repolarized (3). Thus, B is the correct answer.

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A 35 year-old reporter presents to your office for evaluation of back pain and weakness in his left leg. He was play-wrestling with his nephew and hurt his back 2 weeks ago. He states that he has noticed tingling in his left leg as well. He has not noticed incontinence of bowel or bladder function. You perform a physical examination and confirm that he is dragging his left foot when he walks and that his Achilles reflex is diminished. The diagnosis is a herniated disc. Which nerve root are you testing with the Achilles reflex?

  • A. C5, C6
  • B. L2, L3, L4
  • C. S1, S2
  • D. L4, L5
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Achilles reflex tests the S1 and S2 nerve roots. A diminished Achilles reflex may indicate a herniated disc compressing these nerve roots. C5, C6, L2, L3, L4, and L4, L5 are tested by other reflexes, such as the biceps, patellar, and brachioradialis reflexes.

While Susan's medication is being adjusted, which of the following aspects of nursing assessment would be most important to document?

  • A. Muscular strength following medication administration
  • B. Elimination patterns
  • C. Emotional response to her diagnosis
  • D. State of consciousness
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Muscle strength is directly affected by myasthenia gravis and its treatment.

The patient was referred to the office by the school nurse for a lateral curvature of the spine. The nurse knows this is called

  • A. lordosis
  • B. scoliosis
  • C. ankylosis
  • D. kyphosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Scoliosis refers to lateral curvature of the spine.

What is a disadvantage of open reduction and internal fixation of a fracture compared to closed reduction?

  • A. Infection
  • B. Skin irritation
  • C. Nerve impairment
  • D. Complications of immobility
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Open reduction involves surgery, which increases the risk of infection.

Which intervention should you delegate to the nursing assistant for a patient with osteoporosis and risk for falls?

  • A. Identify environmental factors that increase risk for falls.
  • B. Monitor gait, balance, and fatigue level with ambulation.
  • C. Collaborate with physical therapy to provide patient with walker.
  • D. Assist the patient with ambulation to bathroom and in halls.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Assisting with ambulation is a task that can be safely delegated to a nursing assistant.

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