Nokea
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
- A. Ureter.
- B. Testis.
- C. Epididymis.
- D. Urethra.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
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How does the skin aid in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body?
- A. Sebum production
- B. Keratin synthesis
- C. Vitamin A synthesis
- D. Vitamin D production
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The skin aids in maintaining calcium and phosphate levels in the body by producing Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. Vitamin D is crucial for the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the diet, vital for bone health, and various physiological functions. When UV radiation penetrates the skin, it triggers the conversion of a compound into Vitamin D, which then facilitates the absorption of calcium and phosphate in the intestines.
Which heart chamber has the thickest wall?
- A. Right atrium
- B. Left atrium
- C. Right ventricle
- D. Left ventricle
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The left ventricle has the thickest wall of all the heart chambers because it needs to pump oxygenated blood to the entire body. Its muscular wall is thicker and more powerful compared to the other heart chambers. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs, the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. Due to the higher workload and pressure required to push blood to the entire body, the left ventricle is the most muscular and has the thickest wall.
Which structure is a ball and socket joint?
- A. Elbow
- B. Ankle
- C. Shoulder
- D. Knee
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Shoulder. A ball and socket joint allows for a wide range of motion in multiple directions and is characterized by a spherical end of one bone fitting into a socket on another bone. The shoulder joint is a prime example of a ball and socket joint, offering extensive movement capabilities compared to other joint types like hinge joints (e.g., elbow and knee) or gliding joints (e.g., ankle).
Which of the following should never be performed by a healthcare professional?
- A. Heimlich maneuver
- B. Euthanasia
- C. Assessment
- D. Palliative care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Euthanasia involves intentionally ending a patient's life to relieve suffering, which is ethically and legally prohibited in most healthcare settings. Healthcare professionals are bound by codes of ethics to prioritize patient well-being, comfort, and dignity, making euthanasia incompatible with their professional responsibilities. Performing euthanasia can have serious legal and ethical consequences for healthcare providers, including loss of licensure and potential criminal charges. Therefore, healthcare professionals should not engage in euthanasia practices.
Which of the following hormones decreases the concentration of blood glucose?
- A. insulin
- B. glucagon
- C. growth hormone
- D. glucocorticoids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin is the hormone responsible for decreasing the concentration of blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells. When blood glucose levels rise, insulin is released to help cells absorb excess glucose, thereby lowering its concentration in the bloodstream. Glucagon, growth hormone, and glucocorticoids, in contrast, all play roles in increasing blood glucose levels through different mechanisms.