Nokea
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
- A. Ribosome
- B. Chloroplast
- C. Lysosome
- D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Ribosome. Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis in a cell. They are the site where amino acids are assembled into proteins based on the genetic information carried by mRNA. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells, Lysosomes contain enzymes for digestion and waste removal, and Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating energy.
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What part of a plant cell acts as a barrier and provides support to the cell?
- A. cell membrane.
- B. Xylem.
- C. chloroplast
- D. Cell wall.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Why is homeostasis necessary?
- A. To maintain temperature
- B. To maintain pH
- C. To maintain glucose levels
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Homeostasis is essential for the body to maintain internal balance and ensure optimal functioning. It is responsible for regulating temperature to prevent overheating or cooling, controlling pH levels to support biochemical reactions, and managing glucose levels for energy production. Therefore, all the options - maintaining temperature, pH, and glucose levels - are crucial functions of homeostasis.
Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell?
- A. Ribosome
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Lysosome
- D. Vacuole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids that it receives from the endoplasmic reticulum. After processing these materials, the Golgi apparatus transports them to other parts of the cell or outside the cell. It acts as a distribution center within the cell, ensuring that different molecules reach their correct destinations for various cellular functions.
Osmotic pressure is the tendency for a single solution to absorb what substance?
- A. Sodium.
- B. Water.
- C. Positive ions.
- D. Negative ions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water. Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent the flow of water across a semipermeable membrane to achieve equilibrium. Water moves from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration to balance the concentration on both sides of the membrane. Therefore, the tendency for a solution to absorb water is what osmotic pressure refers to. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because osmotic pressure is specifically related to the movement of water molecules, not sodium, positive ions, or negative ions.
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of what necessary molecule?
- A. Carbon dioxide.
- B. Oxygen.
- C. Water.
- D. Lactic acid.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: