Nokea
Which organs of the body are primarily responsible for metabolizing and eliminating medications from the body?
- A. Gastrointestinal tract and kidneys
- B. Pancreas and lungs
- C. Liver and gastrointestinal tract
- D. Liver and kidneys
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The liver metabolizes medications, and the kidneys eliminate them, making these organs primarily responsible for drug processing in the body.
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Fall prevention is an extremely important consideration when caring for older adults. Which of the following are interventions you can perform that will help prevent falls?
- A. Get the help of coworkers when transferring a patient with impaired mobility.
- B. Make sure the patient or resident is wearing shoes with nonskid soles.
- C. Keep walkways clear of small articles, electrical cords, and throw rugs.
- D. Never leave a resident who uses a walker while he or she is ambulating.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: All interventions reduce fall risk by ensuring safe transfers, proper footwear, clear pathways, and supervision.
An elderly patient with a hearing problem and mild confusion is not being cooperative regarding his need for a morning bath. The UAP in charge of his hygiene for the morning is frustrated and upset; she exclaims, 'Mr. Anderson isn't listening to a word I say!' Which of the following responses by the charge nurse represents effective supervision in this situation?
- A. Patient care can be frustrating at times. Mr. A. has a hearing impairment, which probably adds to his confusion. It helps the hearing impaired if you face them directly when you speak and then speak slowly. Try demonstrating what you want him to do as you speak to him, if that makes sense for the situation. I'll come and check on you right after I administer this insulin.'
- B. It sounds like you need a break. Take a few minutes to calm down and then get back to Mr. A. He'll probably be done washing by the time you get back.'
- C. I know how you feel. Mr. A. can be very hard to work with. You should get the other aide to help you. Speak loudly into his left ear. That's his good ear.'
- D. You know, it really isn't right for nurses to get frustrated with patients who can't help the way they act. You're a better aide than that. Remember, Mr. A. is old and confused and doesn't mean any harm. Go back in there and try again. Call me if you need help.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This response provides constructive guidance by addressing the patient's hearing impairment and confusion, offering specific communication strategies, and ensuring follow-up support, demonstrating effective supervision.
A resident who needs 24-hour nursing supervision and care for IV therapy and wound care would be placed in which of these living situations?
- A. Intermediate care
- B. Memory care
- C. Assisted living
- D. Skilled care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Skilled care provides 24-hour nursing supervision for complex medical needs like IV therapy and wound care, unlike other options.
Polypharmacy refers to the ingestion of many different medications.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Polypharmacy involves the use of multiple medications, often increasing risks in older adults.
Decreased renal function is associated with old age. Which of the following tests give information about renal function?
- A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
- B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), white blood cell count, and hematocrit
- C. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and white blood cell count
- D. Creatinine, hematocrit, and liver function tests (LFTs)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: BUN, creatinine, and GFR are specific tests that assess renal function, indicating kidney performance.