Nokea
Which patient should the nurse plan to teach how to prevent or delay the development of diabetes?
- A. An obese 50-year-old Hispanic woman
- B. A child whose father has type 1 diabetes
- C. A 34-year-old woman whose parents both have type 2 diabetes
- D. A 12-year-old boy whose father has maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An obese 50-year-old Hispanic woman is at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes and would benefit from education on prevention.
You may also like to solve these questions
Ipratropium is a synthetic bronchodilator atropine substitute administered by:
- A. Oral route
- B. Intravenous injection
- C. Subcutaneous injection
- D. Inhalation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inhalation. Ipratropium is a bronchodilator used to treat conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inhalation allows direct delivery to the lungs, where it acts locally to relax the smooth muscle and dilate the airways, providing rapid relief of bronchospasm. Oral route (A) would result in poor absorption and systemic side effects. Intravenous (B) and subcutaneous (C) injections are not preferred due to the risk of systemic effects and lack of targeted action. Thus, inhalation is the most effective and appropriate route for ipratropium administration.
Most endocrine secretions are controlled by _____.
- A. positive feedback.
- B. negative feedback.
- C. neural feedback.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Negative feedback is the primary mechanism in endocrine system regulation to maintain homeostasis.
Step 2: When hormone levels reach a certain set point, negative feedback signals the gland to stop producing that hormone.
Step 3: This ensures that hormone levels remain within a specific range.
Step 4: Positive feedback would lead to further hormone secretion, disrupting homeostasis.
Step 5: Neural feedback is not a common mechanism for regulating endocrine secretions.
A nurse collaborates with assistive personnel (AP) to provide care for a client who is prescribed a 24-hour urine specimen collection. Which statement would the nurse include when teaching the AP about this activity?
- A. Note the time of the client’s first void and collect urine for 24 hours.
- B. Add the preservative to the container at the end of the test.
- C. Start the collection by saving the first urine of the morning.
- D. It is okay if one urine sample during the 24 hours is not collected.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Note the time of the client's first void and collect urine for 24 hours. This is correct because for a 24-hour urine specimen collection, it is essential to start by noting the exact time of the first void and then collect all subsequent urine voided over the next 24 hours, including the final void at the same time the collection started. This ensures accurate measurement of substances in the urine over a full 24-hour period.
Choice B is incorrect because the preservative should be added to the container at the beginning, not the end, to maintain the integrity of the specimen. Choice C is incorrect because the 24-hour collection starts with the first void, not the first morning urine. Choice D is incorrect as missing even one urine sample during the 24-hour collection can compromise the accuracy of the results.
Which of the following is NOT a gland in the endocrine system?
- A. Adrenal gland
- B. Thyroid gland
- C. Kidney gland
- D. Pituitary gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Kidney gland. The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. The kidney is not a gland; it is an organ responsible for filtering waste from the blood and producing urine. The adrenal gland, thyroid gland, and pituitary gland are all part of the endocrine system as they secrete hormones. In summary, the kidney does not secrete hormones and therefore is not considered a gland in the endocrine system.
The most appropriate drug for treating myasthenia gravis is:
- A. Neostigmine
- B. Pilocarpine
- C. Succinylcholine
- D. Tubocurarine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neostigmine is the correct choice for treating myasthenia gravis as it is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that increases acetylcholine levels, improving muscle strength. Pilocarpine is a muscarinic agonist used for glaucoma. Succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker used for intubation. Tubocurarine is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker.