Nokea
Which process is stimulated by adrenaline in the cells of the liver?
- A. breakdown of glycogen, increasing the blood glucose level
- B. breakdown of excess amino acids, forming urea
- C. breakdown of proteins, releasing amino acids into the blood
- D. conversion of excess blood glucose to glycogen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenaline stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver, breaking down glycogen into glucose to increase blood glucose levels.
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Which organ is retroperitoneal?
- A. liver
- B. ileum
- C. stomach
- D. pancreas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pancreas is a retroperitoneal organ, located behind the peritoneum.
Insulin is secreted by pancreatic cells-
- A. α-cells
- B. β-cells
- C. Delta cells
- D. Gama cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin is secreted by β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans.
During active HCL secretion parietal cell shows:
- A. Few short microvilli while tubulovesicular system increases.
- B. Microvilli are prominent numerous while the tubulovesicular system decreases.
- C. More rER & secretory vesicles
- D. Cytoplasm becomes more basophilic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During active HCl secretion, parietal cells' intracellular canaliculi expand with numerous microvilli, and the tubulovesicular system decreases as it fuses with the canaliculi.
Large, insoluble molecules have to be digested before they can be
- A. absorbed.
- B. assimilated.
- C. egested.
- D. ingested.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Large molecules must be broken down into smaller, soluble units before they can be absorbed across the intestinal lining.
Where are the Islets of Langerhans found?
- A. Pancreas.
- B. Ileum.
- C. Colon.
- D. Liver.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Islets of Langerhans are clusters of cells in the pancreas responsible for producing hormones like insulin and glucagon.