Nokea
Which should the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?
- A. Wear cotton underpants.
- B. Limit bathing as much as possible.
- C. Increase fluids; decrease salt intake.
- D. Cleanse perineum with water after voiding.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cotton underpants are recommended to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls because they allow for better air circulation, which helps keep the genital area dry and reduces the likelihood of bacterial growth. Synthetic materials can trap moisture and create a warm and moist environment that promotes bacterial infections. Therefore, wearing cotton underpants is a simple and effective way to promote good hygiene and prevent urinary tract infections in young girls.
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If a Wall unit is used, What should be the suctioning pressure required by James?
- A. 50-95 mmHg
- B. 100-120 mmHg
- C. 95-110 mmHg
- D. 155-175 mmHg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The recommended suction pressure range for suctioning an adult patient using a wall unit is typically between 80-120 mmHg. However, for a pediatric patient, the recommended suction pressure range is lower, usually between 50-95 mmHg. In this case, James' age is specified, so it is crucial to consider the appropriate suction pressure range for pediatric patients. Therefore, the suctioning pressure required by James should be in the range of 50-95 mmHg, making option A the correct answer.
Which of the following respiratory conditions is always considered a medical emergency?
- A. Asthma
- B. Cystic fibrosis (CF)
- C. Epiglottiditis
- D. Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epiglottiditis is always considered a medical emergency due to the potential risk of airway obstruction. The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that prevents food and liquids from entering the airway during swallowing. If the epiglottis becomes inflamed or infected, it can swell and block the airway, making it difficult or impossible for the person to breathe. This obstruction can rapidly progress to a life-threatening situation if not treated promptly. Therefore, epiglottiditis requires immediate medical attention to ensure the airway remains open and the individual can breathe properly.
A 17-year-old boy is admitted in sickle cell crisis. Which of the ff. events most likely contributed to the onset of the crisis?
- A. He started a new job last week.
- B. He had seafood for dinner last night.
- C. He walked home in a cold rain
- D. He has not exercised for a week. yesterday.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Walking home in a cold rain can trigger a sickle cell crisis in individuals with sickle cell disease. Exposure to cold temperatures or getting wet can lead to vasoconstriction, causing the blood vessels to narrow and slow down blood flow. This reduced blood flow can increase the likelihood of sickle cells sticking together and blocking blood vessels, leading to pain and tissue damage characteristic of a sickle cell crisis. It is essential for individuals with sickle cell disease to avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, including cold rain, to prevent the onset of a crisis.
Which nursing consideration is important when caring for a child with impetigo contagiosa?
- A. Apply topical corticosteroids to decrease inflammation.
- B. Carefully remove dressings so as not to dislodge undermined skin, crusts, and debris.
- C. Carefully wash hands and maintain cleanliness when caring for an infected child.
- D. Examine child under a Wood lamp for possible spread of lesions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carefully washing hands and maintaining cleanliness when caring for an infected child with impetigo contagiosa is important due to its highly contagious nature. Impetigo is a skin infection that is easily spread through direct contact with the lesions or with items contaminated by the infected person such as towels, clothing, or bedding. By washing hands and maintaining cleanliness, caregivers can help prevent the spread of infection to others and minimize the risk of re-infection to the child. This nursing consideration is crucial in managing impetigo and promoting the child's recovery.
The nurse is preparing an adolescent for discharge after a cardiac catheterization. Which statement by the adolescent would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. "I should avoid tub baths but may shower."
- B. "I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days."
- C. "I should remove the pressure dressing the day after the procedure."
- D. "I may attend school but should avoid exercise for several days."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement "I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days" would indicate a need for further teaching. After a cardiac catheterization, strict bed rest is usually not required for an extended period of time. The patient is typically advised to limit physical activities for a certain period but can engage in light activities as tolerated. Prolonged bed rest can increase the risk of complications such as blood clots and muscle weakness. It would be important to clarify this misconception and provide accurate information regarding post-procedure care.