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Which solution is best when an individual needs only simple water replacement because of lack of fluid intake or loss of body water without loss of electrolytes, known as hypertonic dehydration?
- A. Isotonic solution
- B. Hypotonic solution
- C. Hypertonic solution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions provide water to rehydrate cells without adding excess electrolytes, suitable for hypertonic dehydration.
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When you are administering hypotonic IV solutions, you know that the fluids are going to
- A. Cause shifting of body fluids into the intravascular space.
- B. Cause shifting of body fluids from the intracellular spaces into the interstitial spaces.
- C. Cause shifting of body fluids out of the intravascular space and into the interstitial spaces, and then eventually into the intracellular spaces, rehydrating the cells.
- D. Remain in their original fluid compartments.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions have lower osmolarity, causing fluid to move from the intravascular space into cells, aiding rehydration.
Which of the following IV catheters with plastic cannulas are the smallest in diameter?
- A. 16 g
- B. 18 g
- C. 21 g
- D. 25 g
- E. 29 g
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Smaller gauge numbers indicate larger diameters; $29 \mathrm{~g}$ is the smallest diameter.
The health care provider has ordered the IV to infuse at 30 mL/hr. The tubing's drop factor is 60. Calculate the gravity infusion rate.
Correct Answer: 30 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (30 mL ? 60 gtt/mL) ÷ 60 min = 1800 ÷ 60 = 30 gtt/min.
Before you can safely administer IV medications, there are several things that you must know including
- A. If the patient has ever had IV medications before.
- B. The patient's medication allergies.
- C. The patient's disease or condition.
- D. Sterile technique.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Knowing the patient's allergies prevents adverse reactions, understanding their condition ensures appropriate treatment, and sterile technique prevents infections.
The IVPB is to infuse over 30 minutes. The PB solution bag is 100 mL. The tubing's drop factor is 20. Calculate the gravity infusion rate.
Correct Answer: 67 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (100 mL ? 20 gtt/mL) ÷ 30 min = 2000 ÷ 30 = 66.67, rounded to 67 gtt/min.