Nokea
Which stage of labor is characterized by the period between the onset of regular contractions and full cervical dilation?
- A. First stage
- B. Second stage
- C. Third stage
- D. Fourth stage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: First stage. This stage of labor begins with the onset of regular contractions and ends with complete cervical dilation at 10 cm. During this stage, the cervix gradually thins and opens to allow the baby to pass through the birth canal. The first stage is further divided into early, active, and transition phases based on the rate of cervical dilation and effacement. The second stage (B) is characterized by the baby's descent through the birth canal and ends with the baby's delivery. The third stage (C) involves the delivery of the placenta. The fourth stage (D) is the immediate postpartum period. These stages come after the first stage of labor.
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Which of the following is a potential ethical issue related to neonatal intensive care?
- A. Allocation of resources
- B. Withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment
- C. Use of alternative therapies without informed consent
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All of the above are potential ethical issues in neonatal intensive care. Allocation of resources raises questions about fairness, withholding or withdrawing treatment involves difficult decisions about quality of life, and using alternative therapies without consent violates patient autonomy.
What is the recommended method of feeding for a newborn with phenylketonuria (PKU)?
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Formula feeding
- C. Lowphenylalanine formula feeding
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lowphenylalanine formula feeding is recommended for newborns with PKU.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching about car seat safety to a parent of a newborn. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can turn my baby's car seat around when she weighs 15 pounds.
- B. I can place my baby in the front seat with the airbag turned off.
- C. I will position my baby at a 45-degree angle in the car seat
- D. I will place my baby in a forward-facing car sees in my back seat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positioning the baby at a 45-degree angle in the car seat ensures proper airway alignment and safety. Turning the car seat around or placing the baby in the front seat is unsafe.
Which of the following is a potential complication of a postpartum infection?
- A. Septicemia
- B. Anemia
- C. Thrombocytopenia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Septicemia)
Rationale:
1. Postpartum infection can lead to septicemia, a severe systemic infection caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream.
2. Septicemia can result in life-threatening complications such as septic shock and organ failure.
3. Anemia is not a direct complication of postpartum infection but can occur secondarily due to blood loss.
4. Thrombocytopenia is a separate condition characterized by low platelet levels and is not directly caused by postpartum infection.
5. "All of the above" is incorrect as not all listed complications are potential consequences of postpartum infection.
Summary: Septicemia is the correct answer as it is a serious complication directly associated with postpartum infection, while anemia and thrombocytopenia are not typically direct consequences of this condition.
A nurse is assessing a late preterm newborn. Which of the following manifestations is an indication of hypoglycemia?
- A. Hypertonia
- B. Increased feeding
- C. Hyperthermia
- D. Respiratory distress
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory distress. Hypoglycemia in a late preterm newborn can lead to inadequate energy supply to the respiratory muscles, resulting in respiratory distress. Hypertonia (A) is not a typical manifestation of hypoglycemia in newborns. Increased feeding (B) is a common response to hunger but not a direct indication of hypoglycemia. Hyperthermia (C) is not a typical sign of hypoglycemia. In summary, respiratory distress is a key clinical manifestation of hypoglycemia in late preterm newborns, making it the correct choice.