Nokea
Which statement by the mother of an 18-month-old would lead the nurse to believe that the child should be referred for further evaluation for developmental delay?
- A. My child is able to stand but is not yet taking steps independently.
- B. My child has a vocabulary of approximately 15 words.
- C. My child is still sucking his thumb.
- D. My child seems to be quite wary of strangers.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: By 15 to 18 months, most toddlers should be walking independently. An 18-month-old who is not yet walking warrants further evaluation.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client has an abnormal result on a Papanicolaou test. After admitting that she read her chart while the nurse was out of the room, the client asks what dysplasia means. Which definition should the nurse provide?
- A. Presence of completely undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the tissues of their origin
- B. Increase in the number of normal cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an organ
- C. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by another in tissues where the second type normally isn't found
- D. Alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dysplasia refers to an alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells. It indicates abnormal changes in the cells that can be a precursor to cancer. In the context of a Papanicolaou test, the presence of dysplasia may suggest abnormal cell growth in the cervix, which can potentially develop into cervical cancer if left untreated. It is important for the client to follow up with healthcare providers for further evaluation and management if dysplasia is detected.
An 11-month-old girl infant is found to have low weight and height consistent with FTT. She was exclusively breast feeding till the age of 4 month, and then artificial milk-formula was added. She has had a normal growth pattern till the age of 6 month when the mother introduced juices and cereals. Examination is unremarkable apart from significant decline of normal growth pattern. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is
- A. failed breast feeding
- B. improper formula preparation
- C. congenital syndromes
- D. congenital infections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Improper formula preparation can lead to inadequate nutrition, causing FTT. This scenario suggests a dietary issue rather than congenital or infectious causes.
According to Piaget, the 6-month-old infant should be in which developmental stage?
- A. Use of reflexes
- B. Primary circular reactions
- C. Secondary circular reactions
- D. Coordination of secondary schemata
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the 6-month-old infant would typically be in the stage known as primary circular reactions. This stage occurs from around 1 to 4 months of age up to about 1 year old. During this stage, infants begin to repeat actions that bring them pleasure or interesting results, such as sucking their thumb or repeating simple movements like kicking. These repetitive actions are circular in nature because they involve the infant's own body, and they serve as the building blocks for more complex interactions and understanding of the world. This stage is characterized by the infant's increasing ability to coordinate sensory information with motor actions, laying the foundation for further cognitive development.
A patient teaching plan should include which of the ff. lifestyle modifications to help control hypertension?
- A. Regular aerobic exercise
- B. Three alcoholic beverages per day
- C. Low-tar cigarettes
- D. Daily multivitamin supplements
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular aerobic exercise is an essential lifestyle modification to help control hypertension. Exercise can help lower blood pressure, improve cardiovascular health, and reduce the risk of developing hypertension. Physical activity strengthens the heart, making it more efficient in pumping blood, which can lead to lower blood pressure levels. Additionally, exercise helps in weight management, which is crucial in controlling hypertension as obesity is a significant risk factor for high blood pressure. Overall, incorporating regular aerobic exercise into a patient's routine can significantly contribute to better blood pressure control and overall health.
A preterm newborn, after spending 8 weeks in the NICU, is being discharged. The parents of the newborn express apprehension and worry that the newborn may still be in danger. How should the nurse interpret these statements?
- A. Normal
- B. A reason to postpone discharge
- C. Suggestive of maladaptation
- D. Suggestive of inadequate bonding
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is normal for parents of preterm newborns who have spent time in the NICU to express apprehension and worry upon discharge. The NICU experience can be stressful and overwhelming for families, and it is common for parents to feel anxious about taking their newborn home. The nurse should provide support and education to help alleviate the parents' concerns and ensure a smooth transition from the hospital to home. It is important to acknowledge the parents' feelings, offer reassurance, and reinforce the importance of follow-up care and monitoring.