Ethical Issues in Maternal Newborn Nursing

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Which statement is true regarding the shortage of nurses in the United States?

  • A. There are a larger proportion of younger nurses in the workforce as compared with older nurses.
  • B. As a result of decreased RN-to-patient ratios, there is a decrease in patient mortality in the clinical setting.
  • C. Nursing programs are turning away qualified applicants.
  • D. There are adequate classroom and clinical facilities for training RNs.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The statement that nursing programs are turning away qualified applicants is true regarding the shortage of nurses in the United States. Despite the growing demand for healthcare services and the critical need for more nurses, nursing schools across the country face challenges in accepting all qualified applicants due to a shortage of nursing faculty, limited clinical space, and budget constraints. This bottleneck in nursing education and training contributes to the shortage of nurses in the workforce. As a result, many potential nursing students who are qualified and interested in pursuing a career in nursing are being turned away from programs, exacerbating the shortage.

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The nurse is providing care to the 35-year-old female patient at the family practice clinic who is in the office for her annual physical examination. Which tests should the nurse recommend are the most appropriate for this patient? Select all that apply.

  • A. Papanicolaou test every 5 years
  • B. Mammogram every 2 years
  • C. DEXA screen every 2 years
  • D. HPV every 5 years
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A. Papanicolaou test (Pap smear) every 5 years - This test is recommended for cervical cancer screening in women aged 30-65 years old. It helps in early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.

During which phase of the cycle of violence does the batterer become contrite and remorseful?

  • A. Battering
  • B. Honeymoon
  • C. Tension-building
  • D. Increased drug taking
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During the cycle of violence, the batterer displays contrition and remorse during the Honeymoon phase. This phase follows the Battering phase, characterized by the abusive behavior and violence, and precedes the Tension-building phase where stress and tension begin to escalate. The Honeymoon phase is marked by the abuser showing remorse, apologizing, and trying to make amends for their violent behavior. This phase often involves the abuser being extra charming, affectionate, and demonstrating efforts to reconcile with the victim. It is important to note that the Honeymoon phase is often temporary and is part of the cycle that may repeat unless intervention and support are sought.

In what form do families tend to be the most socially vulnerable?

  • A. Married-blended family
  • B. Extended family
  • C. Nuclear family
  • D. Single-parent family
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Single-parent families are more socially and economically vulnerable. They often face challenges such as financial instability, which can affect the growth and development of children in these households.

A nurse is assessing the knowledge of new parents of a child born with Klinefelter syndrome. Which statement accurately describes this genetic disorder?

  • A. Klinefelter syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality.
  • B. It affects only female children.
  • C. The disorder is expressed as trisomy XYY.
  • D. The child with this disorder will grow to be infertile.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Klinefelter syndrome, also known as trisomy XXY, is a sex chromosomal deviation that is expressed in males. Turner syndrome (monosomy X) is displayed in females. Most males with Klinefelter syndrome are tall, may be infertile, and are slow to learn; however, those who have mosaic Klinefelter syndrome may be fertile as adults.

Which female reproductive organ(s) is(are) responsible for cyclic menstruation?

  • A. Uterus
  • B. Ovaries
  • C. Vaginal vestibule
  • D. Urethra
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The uterus is responsible for cyclic menstruation as it responds to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle.

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