Nokea
Which statements are myths that have been disproved concerning aging?
- A. All older adults are senile.
- B. Most older adults live in their own homes.
- C. Older adults are poor.
- D. Older adults have frequent contact with family members.
- E. Older adults are disabled.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: All older adults are not senile; this is a myth. Mental decline is not inevitable. Older adults are not all poor, this is a myth. Older adults have a lower poverty rate than younger adults. Older adults are not all disabled; this is a myth. Most are able to manage their own care. Most older adults do live in their own homes and have frequent contact with family members.
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What is the most common cause of dementia?
- A. Multi infarct
- B. Medications
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. Parkinson disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia.
For what is the older adult patient at increased risk because of age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system?
- A. Fractures due to poor uptake of calcium
- B. Heart attacks due to increased effort to ambulate
- C. Respiratory failure due to kyphosis
- D. Falls related to posture changes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Falls are the leading cause of accidental death in individuals over 65, in part because of posture changes brought on by aging.
What is one positive aspect of Parkinson disease?
- A. The disease does not alter ability to communicate.
- B. Anti-Parkinson drugs have few side effects.
- C. Intellectual function is not impaired.
- D. Involuntary movements can be controlled.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parkinson disease does not impair the intellect. The disease does alter the ability to communicate. Anti-Parkinson drugs have many side effects. The involuntary movements associated with the disease cannot be controlled.
The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she sneezes. What is the correct terminology for this type of incontinence?
- A. Urge incontinence
- B. Stress incontinence
- C. Overflow incontinence
- D. Functional incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stress incontinence results from increased abdominal pressure, which occurs with coughing or sneezing. Urge incontinence occurs after a sudden urge to void and is associated with cystitis, tumors, stones, and CNS disorders. Overflow incontinence is associated with diabetic neuropathy and spinal cord injuries. Functional incontinence results from unwillingness or inability to get to the toilet.
Because thin skin and lack of subcutaneous fat predisposes the older adult to pressure injuries, the nurse alters the care plan to include turning the bedfast patient how often?
- A. Once every shift
- B. Every 4 hours
- C. Each evening
- D. Every 2 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pressure injuries can be avoided by repositioning the patient every 2 hours.