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When should family members of a stroke victim expect to see some of the neurologic involvement disappear?
- A. Within 2 to 3 weeks
- B. Within 1 to 2 months
- C. Within 3 to 6 months
- D. Within 6 to 9 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Some of the initial neurologic deficits of a cerebrovascular accident may disappear in 3 to 6 months.
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To help prevent falls related to muscle weakness, what type of exercises should be selected for the aging patient?
- A. Daily
- B. Running
- C. Weight-bearing
- D. Aerobic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Appropriate interventions to increase muscle strength begin with weight-bearing exercises. They do not have to be done daily to be effective. Running and aerobic exercise would not be appropriate or effective for the aging patient.
The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk. What should the nurse suggest to fulfill calcium needs?
- A. Rye bread
- B. Yogurt
- C. Apples
- D. Raisins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactose, primarily found in milk, is a common source of food intolerance. Dairy products are an important source of calcium, which is needed to prevent osteoporosis. Lactose-intolerant individuals need to replace milk with cheese and yogurt, which are processed and digested more easily.
The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has decreased resistance to respiratory infections. For what is this patient at increased risk?
- A. COPD
- B. Bronchitis
- C. Pneumonia
- D. Atelectasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased resistance to respiratory infections places older adults at higher risk for pneumonia.
The nurse is assisting an older adult patient out of bed when suddenly the patient begins to fall. What is the likely cause of the fall?
- A. Fever
- B. Orthostatic hypotension
- C. Dehydration
- D. A decrease in venous return
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension occurs when the patient changes position. In the older adult, the loss of elasticity in the vessels slows the vascular accommodation to sudden postural changes to a standing position.
Which approaches should be included when teaching medication safety to an older, homebound adult?
- A. Always dispose of expired medications in the toilet or the sink; never throw them in the trash can.
- B. Never share medications with others.
- C. If a medication is not finished as prescribed, save it for future use.
- D. Keep medications in their original containers.
- E. Always request childproof containers, even if the patient has trouble opening the lids.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Expired medications should always be disposed of in the toilet or sink; they should never be thrown in the trash where they could be retrieved by others. Medications should never be shared with anyone else. Medications should always be stored in their original containers. A prescription should always be taken as prescribed by the health care provider. Medications should never be saved for future use. If an older adult has trouble opening childproof medication containers, he should request non-childproof lids.