Nokea
Which structure of the eye picks up color?
- A. Iris.
- B. Cone.
- C. Rod.
- D. Pupil.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
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Which type of cholesterol is considered the healthiest?
- A. LDL
- B. HDL
- C. VLDL
- D. VHDL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered the healthiest type of cholesterol because it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries, reducing the risk of heart disease. HDL acts as a scavenger, picking up excess cholesterol in the blood and transporting it back to the liver for removal from the body. This is why HDL is often referred to as 'good' cholesterol, emphasizing its protective role in cardiovascular health.
Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?
- A. Epithelial
- B. Connective
- C. Nervous
- D. Muscle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Connective tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs. It is composed of cells and extracellular matrix, giving it strength and flexibility. Examples of connective tissue include bone, cartilage, and tendons, which play crucial roles in maintaining the body's shape and integrity.
How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?
- A. 500 mL
- B. 750 mL
- C. 1000 mL
- D. 1250 mL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An adult typically inhales around 500 mL of air in an average breath. This volume is known as tidal volume, representing the amount of air inspired or expired during normal breathing. Tidal volume plays a crucial role in efficient gas exchange in the lungs and maintaining adequate oxygen levels in the body. It is essential for proper respiratory function and ensuring the body receives the necessary oxygen for cellular respiration and overall metabolism.
What are groups of similar cells called?
- A. Membrane
- B. System
- C. Organ
- D. Tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Groups of cells with similar structures and functions are called tissues. Tissues work together to perform specific functions in the body, such as muscle contraction, nerve signal transmission, and forming protective barriers. Examples of tissues include muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and epithelial tissue.
What are the chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the metabolism of specific target cells called?
- A. Hormones
- B. Neurons
- C. Glands
- D. Second messengers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hormones are the correct answer. Hormones are signaling molecules produced by glands in the endocrine system. They travel through the bloodstream to target cells, where they regulate various physiological processes like growth, differentiation, and metabolism. Neurons are nerve cells that transmit information, glands produce and release hormones, and second messengers are molecules involved in intracellular signal transduction.