Nokea
Which term means alternate forms of a gene for the same trait?
- A. Genotypes
- B. Alleles
- C. Gametes
- D. Phenotypes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist for a given trait. For example, a gene for flower color may have a red allele and a white allele, representing the alternate forms of that gene. Genotypes refer to the genetic makeup, while phenotypes refer to the observable traits.
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What is the function of water in photosynthesis?
- A. Combine with carbon dioxide
- B. Absorb light energy
- C. Supply electrons in the light reactions
- D. Transport hydrogen ions in the dark reactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Water plays a crucial role in photosynthesis by supplying electrons in the light reactions of the process. During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split, releasing oxygen and providing electrons that are used to drive the production of energy-rich molecules like ATP and NADPH. This electron transfer process is essential for converting light energy into chemical energy, which is then used in the subsequent steps of photosynthesis to produce glucose and other organic compounds.
If a hard-boiled egg is placed in a beaker of saltwater, what will happen to the egg?
- A. Expand because water will move into the egg
- B. Shrivel because water will leave the egg
- C. Remain the same
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a hard-boiled egg is placed in a beaker of saltwater, the egg will shrivel because water will move out of the egg due to osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. In this case, the saltwater has a higher solute concentration than the egg, causing water to move out of the egg, leading to shrinkage or shriveling.
Which of the following organelles is responsible for producing cell energy?
- A. Mitochondrion and chloroplast
- B. Mitochondrion and nucleus
- C. Chloroplast and nucleus
- D. Chloroplast and lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mitochondrion and chloroplast. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell as they produce the majority of a cell's energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through aerobic respiration. Chloroplasts, found in plant cells, are responsible for photosynthesis, a process that converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Therefore, both mitochondria and chloroplasts play crucial roles in energy production in cells.
How do animal cells divide during cytokinesis?
- A. Contractile ring
- B. Cell plate
- C. Both
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Animal cells divide using a contractile ring during cytokinesis. The contractile ring is composed of actin and myosin filaments and contracts to pinch the cell into two daughter cells. In contrast, cell plate formation is a mechanism observed in plant cells, not animal cells. Therefore, the correct answer is the contractile ring.
A pencil measures 8 cm long. What is this length in mm?
- A. 80 mm
- B. 800 mm
- C. 8 mm
- D. 0.8 mm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To convert centimeters to millimeters, you multiply by 10 since there are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter. Therefore, 8 cm x 10 = 80 mm. The correct answer is 80 mm.