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Which term refers to a newborn born before completion of week 37 of gestation, regardless of birth weight?
- A. Postterm
- B. Preterm
- C. Low birth weight
- D. Small for gestational age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The term "preterm" refers to a newborn born before completion of week 37 of gestation, regardless of birth weight. Preterm birth can lead to various health issues for the newborn, as they may not have fully developed before being born. It is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor preterm infants to ensure they receive the proper care and support for their development.
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Because of the significant association of lead intoxication with poverty, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends blood lead screening at
- A. 6 and 12 months
- B. 12 and 24 months
- C. 24 and 36 months
- D. 36 and 48 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood lead screening is recommended at 12 and 24 months.
The BEST statement describing the implication of a 6-month-old boy 'transferring object to hand' is
- A. visuomotor coordination
- B. comparison ability
- C. voluntary release of objects
- D. increasing autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transferring objects between hands indicates developing visuomotor coordination.
A patient asks the nurse what side effects to expect from a muscle relaxant medication that has been prescribed. Which of the ff. side effects should the nurse relate?
- A. Hypoglycaemia
- B. Drowsiness
- C. Hypotension
- D. Dyspnea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle relaxant medications, such as benzodiazepines or cyclobenzaprine, commonly cause drowsiness as a side effect. This is a result of the medications affecting the central nervous system, leading to sedative effects. Patients taking muscle relaxants should be advised to avoid activities that require alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until they understand how the medication affects them. It is important for the nurse to inform the patient about this potential side effect to ensure their safety and to prevent any accidents or injuries due to drowsiness. On the other hand, hypoglycemia, hypotension, and dyspnea are not common side effects of muscle relaxant medications.
A client has just completed a course in radiation therapy and is experiencing radio-dermatitis. The most effective method of treating the skin is to:
- A. Wash the area with soap and warm water
- B. Leave the skin alone until it is clear
- C. Apply a cream or lotion to the area
- D. Avoid applying creams or lotion to the area
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Radio-dermatitis is a common side effect of radiation therapy, characterized by inflammation and irritation of the skin. Applying a cream or lotion to the affected area can help soothe the skin, reduce inflammation, and provide relief from symptoms such as itching and discomfort. It is important to choose a cream or lotion that is specifically designed for sensitive skin and recommended by healthcare professionals to ensure effectiveness and safety in managing radio-dermatitis. Washing the area with soap and warm water may further irritate the skin, while leaving the skin alone may prolong discomfort and delay healing. Avoiding creams or lotions may lead to dryness and further discomfort.
A 12-year-old male adolescent, recently diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma, shows left cervical and supraclavicular lymph node involvement and drenching night sweats. Based on Ann Arbor Classification, the patient is classified as
- A. stage IA
- B. stage IB
- C. stage IIA
- D. stage IIB
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Involvement of two lymph node regions above the diaphragm with systemic symptoms corresponds to stage IIB.