Nokea
Which tumor marker information is used to follow the progress of a client diagnosed with testicular cancer?
- A. CA-125.
- B. Carcinogenic embryonic antigen (CEA).
- C. DNA ploidy test.
- D. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: hCG is a key tumor marker for testicular cancer, used to monitor disease progression and treatment response. CA-125 is for ovarian cancer, CEA is nonspecific, and DNA ploidy is not a marker.
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In addition to pressure in the pelvic region, which sign or symptom is the client most likely to reveal during a nursing history?
- A. Heavy menstrual bleeding
- B. Light menstrual bleeding
- C. Abdominal pain at the time of ovulation
- D. Breast tenderness during menstruation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fibroid tumors often cause heavy menstrual bleeding due to increased uterine surface area and vascularity.
The client diagnosed with cancer of the uterus is scheduled to have radiation brachytherapy. Which precautions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
- A. Place the client in a private room.
- B. Wear a dosimeter when entering the room.
- C. Encourage visitors to come and stay with the client.
- D. Plan to spend extended time with the client.
- E. Notify the nuclear medicine technician.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Brachytherapy requires a private room and dosimeter use to minimize radiation exposure. Visitors are limited, extended nurse time is avoided, and nuclear medicine notification is unnecessary.
Because many antineoplastic drugs affect bone marrow function, which laboratory test is most important to monitor for client safety?
- A. Mean cell volume
- B. Total leukocyte count
- C. Differential cell count
- D. Complete blood count
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A complete blood count monitors red cells, white cells, and platelets, detecting bone marrow suppression caused by antineoplastic drugs.
The client has had an exploratory laparotomy to remove an ovarian tumor. The pathology report classifies the tumor as a 'low malignancy potential' (LMP) tumor. Which statement explains the scientific rationale for this pathology report?
- A. The client does not have cancer but will need adjuvant therapy.
- B. The client would have developed cancer if the tumor had not been removed.
- C. These borderline tumors resemble ovarian cancer but have better outcomes.
- D. The client has a very poor prognosis and has less than six (6) months to live.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: LMP tumors (borderline ovarian tumors) have malignant features but lower metastatic potential, with better prognosis than invasive ovarian cancer. They are cancerous, not precancerous, and do not inherently require adjuvant therapy or indicate poor prognosis.
The client is diagnosed with tertiary syphilis. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
- A. Lymphadenopathy and hair loss.
- B. Warts in the genital area.
- C. Dementia and psychosis.
- D. Raised rash covering the body.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary syphilis affects the nervous system, causing dementia and psychosis. Lymphadenopathy/hair loss and rashes occur in earlier stages, and warts are HPV-related.