Nokea
Which type of research allows researchers to be neutral observers
- A. Quantitative research
- B. Case studies
- C. Ethnographic research
- D. Qualitative research
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethnographic research allows researchers to be neutral observers because it involves immersing oneself in the culture or community being studied without imposing their own biases or preconceptions. Ethnographers aim to understand the perspectives and behaviors of the people they are studying by observing them in their natural environment and engaging in participant observation. This approach enables researchers to gain insights into the social and cultural context of their subjects without influencing the outcomes or reactions. By maintaining neutrality and objectivity, ethnographic researchers can produce more authentic and unbiased results.
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Which infection control measure should Nurse Emma observe during her visit to the family.
- A. Wear mask
- B. Use face shield
- C. Use gloves
- D. Wear gown
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wearing a mask is an essential infection control measure to prevent the spread of respiratory illnesses, including COVID-19. By wearing a mask, Nurse Emma can reduce the risk of inhaling or exhaling respiratory droplets that may contain infectious particles, thus helping to protect herself and the family members she is visiting. Masks are particularly crucial when interacting with individuals who are sick or when physical distancing may be challenging. While using gloves, face shields, and gowns are also important infection control measures in certain situations, wearing a mask is the most relevant and effective measure during a home visit to prevent respiratory transmission of infections.
A patient presents with a thyroid nodule and signs of hyperthyroidism. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy reveals spindle-shaped cells and psammoma bodies. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- B. Graves' disease
- C. Follicular thyroid carcinoma
- D. Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presence of spindle-shaped cells and psammoma bodies on fine-needle aspiration biopsy is characteristic of follicular thyroid carcinoma. This type of thyroid cancer can present as a thyroid nodule associated with signs of hyperthyroidism due to the release of thyroid hormones from the cancerous thyroid cells. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition that typically presents with hypothyroidism, while Graves' disease is another autoimmune disorder that results in hyperthyroidism but is not associated with the presence of spindle-shaped cells and psammoma bodies in this context. Papillary thyroid carcinoma may also present with thyroid nodules, but it is more commonly associated with papillary structures and nuclear features rather than spindle-shaped cells seen in follicular thyroid carcinoma.
In planning for Sonny's oxygen therapy, the nurse should consider which of the following, EXCEPT
- A. need for a humidifier.
- B. length of tubing .
- C. determine the age of Excel.
- D. manner of administering oxygen, continuous or intermittent.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse does not need to determine the age of Excel when planning for Sonny's oxygen therapy. This information is irrelevant to the specific care requirements of Sonny's oxygen therapy. Sonny's age, medical history, respiratory status, and oxygen needs are the key considerations in planning for his oxygen therapy. The nurse should focus on factors such as the need for a humidifier, length of tubing, and the manner of administering oxygen (continuous or intermittent) to ensure effective and safe delivery of oxygen therapy to Sonny.
A woman in active labor experiences frequent and intense uterine contractions with minimal rest intervals, leading to maternal fatigue and decreased fetal oxygenation. What maternal condition should the nurse assess for that may contribute to this abnormal labor pattern?
- A. Maternal dehydration
- B. Uterine hyperstimulation
- C. Pelvic outlet obstruction
- D. Maternal exhaustion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uterine hyperstimulation is a condition in which the uterus contracts too frequently or too intensely, leading to decreased blood flow and oxygenation to the placenta. This can result in maternal fatigue and decreased fetal oxygenation due to the lack of sufficient rest intervals between contractions. Uterine hyperstimulation can be caused by factors such as the use of synthetic oxytocin (Pitocin) to induce or augment labor, uterine abnormalities, or maternal conditions like pre-eclampsia. It is important for the nurse to assess for uterine hyperstimulation in a woman experiencing frequent and intense contractions to intervene promptly and prevent adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby.
A pregnant woman presents with a history of recurrent pregnancy losses in the second trimester. On examination, the cervix is dilated, and uterine contractions are absent. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Ectopic pregnancy
- B. Threatened abortion
- C. Placenta previa
- D. Incompetent cervix
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Incompetent cervix refers to a weakened cervix that is unable to support the weight of the growing fetus, leading to painless cervical dilation and second-trimester pregnancy loss. In this condition, the cervix may dilate prematurely without contractions, resulting in a painless cervical dilation. The history of recurrent second-trimester losses, along with cervical dilation and absence of uterine contractions in the presenting pregnant woman, are characteristic of incompetent cervix. Prompt recognition and management with cerclage placement can help prevent further pregnancy losses in women with incompetent cervix.