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Which value shows the normal range of plasma pH?
- A. 7.35 to 7.45
- B. 6.35 to 6.45
- C. 7 to 8
- D. 8.35 to 8.45
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The normal range of plasma pH is 7.35 to 7.45, which indicates a slightly alkaline environment essential for proper cellular function.
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What will certification in nursing require and/or provide (select all that apply)?
- A. A certain amount of clinical experience
- B. Successful completion of an examination
- C. Membership in specialty nursing organizations
- D. Professional recognition of expertise in a specialty area
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Certification typically requires clinical experience and passing an exam. It provides professional recognition but does not mandate membership in specialty organizations.
The healthcare provider is caring for a client who has heart failure and a history of asthma. The provider reviews the orders and recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications?
- A. Carvedilol
- B. Fluticasone
- C. Captopril
- D. Isosorbide dinitrate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fluticasone. Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used to treat asthma, which can worsen heart failure symptoms. The healthcare provider needs to clarify this medication due to the client's history of asthma and heart failure. Carvedilol (A) is a beta-blocker used to treat heart failure. Captopril (C) is an ACE inhibitor also used in heart failure. Isosorbide dinitrate (D) is a vasodilator used for heart failure and angina, not contraindicated in asthma.
Which eating disorder involves self-starvation?
- A. Binge-eating disorder
- B. Bulimarexia
- C. Bulimia nervosa
- D. Anorexia nervosa
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anorexia nervosa is characterized by extreme calorie restriction and self-starvation.
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is being taught by a nurse about ways to facilitate eating. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will rest for at least 30 minutes before eating.
- B. I will take my bronchodilators after meals.
- C. I will eat five or six small meals each day.
- D. I will choose foods that are not gas-forming.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will take my bronchodilators after meals." Taking bronchodilators after meals can decrease their effectiveness due to delayed absorption. Step 1: Bronchodilators should be taken before meals to open airways for better breathing. Step 2: Resting before meals (A) can reduce shortness of breath. Eating small meals (C) can prevent overeating and aid digestion. Choosing non-gas forming foods (D) can reduce bloating.
Sue is diagnosed with congestive heart failure. What medication would you expect to administer to strengthen myocardial contractility?
- A. Nitroprusside.
- B. Digoxin.
- C. Nitroglycerine ointment.
- D. Furosemide.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin enhances myocardial contractility in CHF.