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Which young adult exemplifies Kohlberg’s postconventional level of moral reasoning?
- A. A 28-year-old who helps a friend move despite calling in sick
- B. A 22-year-old man who uses marijuana on weekends
- C. A 30-year-old woman who volunteers at a soup kitchen
- D. A 35-year-old working long hours for a promotion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kohlberg’s postconventional stage involves moral reasoning based on what is considered “right” for the greater good, as exemplified by volunteering at a soup kitchen.
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A nurse is providing education about improving self-awareness to a small group of women who have been victims of domestic violence. Which of the following should the nurse recommend the clients do first to improve their self-awareness?
- A. Use self-disclosure to share aspects of self.
- B. Listen to and learn from others.
- C. Listen to oneself and pay attention to emotions, thoughts, and reactions.
- D. Use others to bounce back your own thoughts and recollections.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first step in improving self-awareness is to listen to oneself and pay attention to emotions, thoughts, and reactions.
Which of the following are symptoms or warning signs of anorexia nervosa?
- A. Lack of menstruation in females
- B. Preoccupation with food
- C. Eating only small amounts of certain foods
- D. Dramatic weight fluctuations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms of anorexia nervosa include extreme preoccupation with food, lack of menstruation, and dramatic weight loss.
Priorities in Preventative Health Care
- A. Global initiatives for health care needs
- B. Focus mainly on developed countries
- C. Focus mainly on developing countries
- D. Public health agencies lead health care development
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Global health initiatives address needs in both developed and developing countries.
Which action will most effectively reduce work-related injuries?
- A. "Make the work environment smoke-free."
- B. "Reduce environmental noise levels."
- C. "Conduct regular walk-through assessments at the worksite."
- D. "Increase paid personal days from one to three."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking increases accident rates, making a smoke-free environment the most effective strategy.
A teenager has been using laxatives for constipation but shows signs of erosion of tooth enamel. Which disorder is the client most likely experiencing?
- A. Bulimia nervosa
- B. Binge eating disorder
- C. Idiopathic constipation
- D. Irritable bowel syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bulimia nervosa involves binge eating and purging, leading to tooth enamel erosion.