Questions and Answers on Respiratory System

Questions and Answers on Respiratory System Related

Review Questions and Answers on Respiratory System related questions and content

While assessing a patient who has pneumonia, the nurse has the patient repeat the letter E while the nurse auscultates. The nurse notes that the patient's voice sounds are distorted and that the letter A is audible instead of the letter E. How should this finding be documented?

  • A. Bronchophony
  • B. Egophony
  • C. Whispered pectoriloquy
  • D. Sonorous wheezes
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Egophony. Egophony is a lung sound in which the spoken "E" sound changes to a loud, nasal "A" sound when auscultated, indicating consolidation in the lungs, such as in pneumonia. This finding should be documented as egophony because it specifically describes the distortion of voice sounds during auscultation related to lung pathology.

A: Bronchophony refers to increased clarity and loudness of spoken sounds during auscultation and is not specific to the distortion of the voice sounds as in the given scenario.
C: Whispered pectoriloquy describes whispered sounds being heard clearly during auscultation, which is different from the scenario presented.
D: Sonorous wheezes are continuous low-pitched wheezing sounds heard with inspiration or expiration, not related to the distortion of voice sounds as in egophony.

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In medical term shortness of breathing known as

  • A. SOB
  • B. dyspnea
  • C. Both a and b
  • D. non of these
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Both A and B. "SOB" is the abbreviation for shortness of breath, while "dyspnea" is the medical term for difficulty breathing. Both terms are used interchangeably to describe the sensation of breathing difficulty. Choosing C is correct because it encompasses both terms that are synonymous with the medical condition. Option D is incorrect because there are appropriate terms for shortness of breathing, which are provided in options A and B. Option A is incorrect because it only provides the abbreviation for the term without the actual medical term. Option B is incorrect because it only provides one of the terms used to describe shortness of breathing, while the correct answer includes both terms.

A nurse caring for a client removes the client's oxygen as prescribed. The client is now breathing what percentage of oxygen in the room air?

  • A. 14%
  • B. 21%
  • C. 28%
  • D. 31%
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (21%). Room air contains approximately 21% oxygen. By removing the supplemental oxygen, the client is now breathing the oxygen content present in the surrounding air. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the standard oxygen concentration in room air. Oxygen concentration in room air is typically around 21%, making choice B the most accurate option.

The human vocal cords are located in the

  • A. glottis.
  • B. pharynx.
  • C. larynx
  • D. Trachea
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: larynx. The vocal cords are located in the larynx, specifically in the upper part known as the glottis. The glottis is a space within the larynx where the vocal cords are situated. The pharynx (B) is the passageway for both food and air, the trachea (D) is the windpipe connecting the larynx to the lungs. The vocal cords are responsible for producing sound by vibrating as air passes through them, and this process occurs in the larynx. Therefore, the correct answer is C: larynx.

The organ of the respiratory system that closes when food is being swallowed is the:

  • A. nose
  • B. pharynx
  • C. larynx
  • D. trachea
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: larynx. The larynx houses the vocal cords and serves as a passageway for air between the pharynx and trachea. During swallowing, the larynx closes to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway, directing them towards the esophagus instead. The nose (A) is not directly involved in swallowing. The pharynx (B) is a shared pathway for both air and food, but it does not actively close during swallowing. The trachea (D) is responsible for transporting air to and from the lungs and does not play a role in swallowing.

The nurse advises the parents of a child who is in status asthmaticus that if not corrected, the result could be:

  • A. Pneumothorax, severe hypoxemia, and respiratory arrest.
  • B. Hypertension, CVA, and cardiac arrest.
  • C. Respiratory alkalosis, pneumonia, and death.
  • D. Lung abscess, cor pulmonale, and respiratory failure.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because status asthmaticus can lead to pneumothorax due to increased air trapping, severe hypoxemia from impaired gas exchange, and respiratory arrest from respiratory muscle fatigue. Pneumothorax can occur due to increased intrathoracic pressure during an asthma attack. Hypertension, CVA, and cardiac arrest (choice B) are not typical complications of status asthmaticus. Respiratory alkalosis, pneumonia, and death (choice C) are less likely outcomes compared to the severe complications mentioned in choice A. Lung abscess, cor pulmonale, and respiratory failure (choice D) are not directly associated with the pathophysiology of status asthmaticus.

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