Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam

Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Related

Review Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam related questions and content

While dining at a restaurant, a person begins to choke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

  • A. Instruct the person to call 911.
  • B. Ask the person if he/she can speak.
  • C. Use the jaw-thrust maneuver.
  • D. Perform abdominal thrusts.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking the person if he/she can speak helps to determine if the airway is partially or completely obstructed. If the person can speak, it indicates that the airway is not completely blocked, and coughing may help dislodge the object. If the person cannot speak, it suggests a complete blockage, and immediate intervention is needed. In contrast, A is incorrect as the nurse should take action rather than instructing the person to call 911. C is incorrect because the jaw-thrust maneuver is used for assisting with breathing, not for choking. D is incorrect because abdominal thrusts are only performed when the person is unable to speak, indicating a complete airway obstruction.

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Most of the danger associated with pneumoconioses is due to

  • A. Unnecessary anxiety created by environmentalists
  • B. The dark, wet mining environment
  • C. Inhalation and retention of dust particles
  • D. The fact that most miners also smoke cigarettes
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Inhaling dust particles damages lung tissue, leading to fibrosis.

Place the following interventions in the correct order.

  • A. Apply a loose, sterile, bulky dressing
  • B. Give pain medication
  • C. Remove the victim from the cold environment
  • D. Immerse the feet in warm water 100°F to 105°F (40.6°C to 46.1°C)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The first priority is removing the victim from the cold environment to prevent further damage.

A preoperative patient reveals that an uncle died during surgery because of a fever and cardiac arrest. Knowing the patient is at risk for malignant hyperthermia, the perioperative nurse alerts the surgical team. What is likely to happen next?

  • A. The surgery will have to be cancelled.
  • B. Specific precautions can be taken to safely anesthetize the patient.
  • C. Dantrolene (Dantrium) must be given to prevent hyperthermia during surgery.
  • D. The patient should be placed on a cooling blanket during the surgical procedure.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: With awareness of malignant hyperthermia risk, specific precautions ensure safe anesthesia administration.

After a thyroidectomy, a female client is returned to the unit from the recovery room. A major complication after a thyroidectomy is:

  • A. respiratory obstruction.
  • B. hypercalcemia.
  • C. fistula formation.
  • D. myxedema.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Respiratory obstruction due to edema of the glottis, bilateral laryngeal nerve damage, or tracheal compression from hemorrhage is a major complication after a thyroidectomy. Hypocalcemia and tetany from accidental removal of one or more parathyroid glands are major complications; not hypercalcemia. Fistula formation is not a major complication associated with a thyroidectomy. Fistula formation is a major complication with a laryngectomy. Myxedema is hypothyroidism occurring in adults. It is not a complication of a thyroidectomy. A thyroidectomy client tends to develop thyroid storm from an excess of the thyroid hormones released during surgery.

A client with COPD is developing a plan of care. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

  • A. Restrict the client's fluid intake to less than 2 L/day
  • B. Provide the client with a low-protein diet
  • C. Have the client use the early-morning hours for exercise and activity
  • D. Instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Instruct the client to use pursed-lip breathing. Pursed-lip breathing helps improve ventilation and decrease air trapping in clients with COPD, enhancing oxygenation and reducing shortness of breath. It also facilitates better gas exchange and can help the client manage their symptoms effectively.
A: Restricting fluid intake is not typically indicated for clients with COPD unless they have comorbid conditions that require fluid restriction.
B: Providing a low-protein diet is not a standard intervention for COPD management. Protein is important for muscle strength and repair in these clients.
C: While exercise and activity are beneficial for clients with COPD, instructing them to do so specifically in the early-morning hours is not a priority intervention compared to pursed-lip breathing.

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