Neurological Review of Systems Questions

Neurological Review of Systems Questions Related

Review Neurological Review of Systems Questions related questions and content

While gathering equipment after an injection, a nurse accidentally received a prick from an improperly capped needle. To interpret this sensation, which of these areas must be intact?

  • A. Corticospinal tract, medulla, and basal ganglia
  • B. Pyramidal tract, hypothalamus, and sensory cortex
  • C. Lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex
  • D. Anterior spinothalamic tract, basal ganglia, and sensory cortex
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex. The lateral spinothalamic tract carries pain and temperature sensations to the thalamus, which then relays it to the sensory cortex for interpretation. In this scenario, the nurse's sensation of being pricked by the needle is a pain sensation, so the intactness of the lateral spinothalamic tract, thalamus, and sensory cortex is crucial for interpreting this sensation.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not involve the specific pathways responsible for transmitting pain sensations. The corticospinal tract (choice A) is involved in motor function, the pyramidal tract (choice B) is involved in voluntary movement, and the anterior spinothalamic tract (choice D) is not associated with pain and temperature sensations. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it directly relates to the interpretation of the pain sensation experienced by the nurse.

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Any of the following syndromes is the involuntary movement EXCEPT:

  • A. chorea
  • B. tic
  • C. tremor
  • D. paresis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Paresis is the correct answer because it refers to weakness or partial paralysis, which is not an involuntary movement. In contrast, chorea, tics, and tremor are all types of hyperkinetic movements that occur without voluntary control and are associated with various neurological disorders.

The following are associated with cataract formation:

  • A. dehydration
  • B. smoking
  • C. alcohol
  • D. all above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dehydration, smoking, and alcohol consumption are risk factors for cataract formation. These factors contribute to oxidative stress and lens protein damage, leading to opacification.

What is the term for a loss of voluntary movement?

  • A. akinesia
  • B. aneurysm
  • C. paraplegia
  • D. epilepsy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Akinesia refers to the inability to initiate voluntary movement, often seen in neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease. It is distinct from paralysis, as it involves a lack of movement initiation rather than a loss of muscle function.

Which of the following statement is correct about Cerebellum?

  • A. It regulates the muscular movement for locomotion.
  • B. It is a part of brain.
  • C. Both A and B
  • D. Neither A nor B
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cerebellum is a part of the brain located above and behind the medulla. It plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements, maintaining balance, and ensuring smooth muscular activity for locomotion. Therefore, both statements A and B are correct.

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of events that follows a threshold potential: 1. the membrane becomes depolarized 2. sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward 3. the membrane becomes repolarized 4. potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell

  • A. 3,2,4,1
  • B. 2,1,4,3
  • C. 2,1,3,4
  • D. 1,2,4,3
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct sequence is: sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward (2), the membrane becomes depolarized (1), potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell (4), and the membrane becomes repolarized (3). Thus, B is the correct answer.

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