Nokea
While looking through the chart of an infant with a congenital heart defect (CHD) of decreased pulmonary blood flow, the nurse would expect which laboratory finding?
- A. Decreased platelet count
- B. Polycythemia
- C. Decreased ferritin level
- D. Shift to the left
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic hypoxemia in CHD leads to polycythemia as a compensatory mechanism.
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Which statement by a parent of an infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) who is being sent home on digoxin indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will give the medication at regular 12-hour intervals.
- B. If he vomits, I will not give a make-up dose.
- C. If I miss a dose, I will not give an extra dose.
- D. I will mix the digoxin in some formula to make it taste better.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mixing digoxin with formula can lead to incomplete ingestion and inadequate dosing. Digoxin must be given in its entirety at the prescribed times.
Which of the following has the highest proportion of etiology of congenital malformations?
- A. Maternal infections
- B. Maternal illness
- C. Environmental agents
- D. Monogenic inheritance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monogenic inheritance accounts for the highest proportion of congenital malformations.
Which of the following is the proposed algorithm for the evaluation of causes of r′ in V1 and V2?
- A. Wernicke algorithm
- B. Vereckei algorithm
- C. Brugada algorithm
- D. Baranchuk algorithm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Vereckei algorithm is commonly used for the evaluation of r′ in V1 and V2, helping to differentiate between causes of early repolarization.
Features differentiating renal tubular acidosis type II from type I include:
- A. Increased anion gap
- B. Nephrocalcinosis
- C. Urinary pH can be lowered < 5.5 in ammonium chloride loading test in type I
- D. Aminoaciduria
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In type I renal tubular acidosis, urinary pH can be lowered below 5.5 during an ammonium chloride loading test, unlike in type II.
The following are common side effects of sildenafil EXCEPT
- A. flushing
- B. elevated liver function tests
- C. headache
- D. myalgia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevated liver function tests are not a common side effect of sildenafil.