Nokea
Why does a nurse position a patient with an above-the-knee amputation with a delayed prosthetic fitting prone several times a day?
- A. To prevent flexion contractures
- B. To assess the posterior skin flap
- C. To reduce edema in the residual limb
- D. To relieve pressure on the incision site
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prone positioning prevents contractures.
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A patient is seen at the outpatient clinic for a sudden onset of inflammation and severe pain in the great toe. A definitive diagnosis of gouty arthritis is made on the basis of what?
- A. A family history of gout
- B. Elevated urine uric acid levels
- C. Elevated serum uric acid levels
- D. Presence of monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monosodium urate crystals confirm gout.
The 'synaptic cleft' of a neuromuscular junction is
- A. a groove in the muscle cell plasma membrane through which neurons grow
- B. that portion of the cell surface receptor molecule on the surface of a muscle cell, into which the ligand binds
- C. a depression at the end of an axon from which neurotransmitters are secreted
- D. the space between the plasma membrane of a neuron on the pre-synaptic side of the synapse, and the plasma membrane of the muscle cell on the post-synaptic side of the synapse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The synaptic cleft is the narrow space between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic muscle cell. It is where neurotransmitters are released and diffuse to bind receptors on the muscle cell, initiating muscle contraction. This structure is essential for signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction.
Sitting relaxed and facing you, have your patient perform the following sequence of activities: With arms outstretched, alternately bring in each hand and touch the tip of each index finger to his nose. Next, have the patient rapidly alternate patting his knees with the palmer , then the dorsal aspects of his hands. Finally, have the patient rapidly extend and tap his foot against your hand. Which component of the neurological exam are you assessing?
- A. Sensory function
- B. Cerebellar function
- C. Cranial nerves
- D. Mental status
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: These activities assess cerebellar function, which includes coordination, balance, and fine motor skills. Sensory function, cranial nerves, and mental status are evaluated through different tests, such as pinprick sensation, cranial nerve examination, and cognitive assessments.
The nurse is assessing a child diagnosed with a brain tumor. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse expect the child to demonstrate? Select all that apply.
- A. Head tilt
- B. Vomiting
- C. Polydipsia
- D. Lethargy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
You are preparing a nursing care plan for the patient with SCI including the nursing diagnoses Impaired Physical Mobility and Self-Care Deficit. The patient tells you, 'I don't know why we're doing all this. My life's over.' What additional nursing diagnosis takes priority based on this statement?
- A. Risk for Injury related to altered mobility
- B. Imbalanced Nutrition, Less Than Body Requirements
- C. Impaired Adjustment to Spinal Cord Injury
- D. Poor Body Image related to immobilization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This statement reflects a need for psychological support and adjustment to the injury.