Nokea
Why is a urinary disorder common in older adults?
- A. Older adults have weakened musculature in the bladder and urethra.
- B. Older adults have urinary stasis.
- C. Older adults have increased bladder capacity.
- D. Older adults have diminished neurologic sensation.
- E. The effects of medications such as diuretics that many older adults take.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, retention, and incontinence are common with aging. These occur because of weakened musculature in the bladder and urethra, diminished neurologic sensation combined with decreased bladder capacity, and the effects of medications such as diuretics. Older women are at risk for stress incontinence because of hormonal changes and weakened pelvic musculature. Inadequate fluid intake (less than 1000 to 2000 mL per 24 hours) can lead to urinary stasis. Older adults do not usually experience increased bladder capacity.
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Which portion of the nephron is involved with filtration?
- A. Glomerulus of the Bowman capsule
- B. Henle loop
- C. Proximal convoluted tubule
- D. Distal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Filtration of water and blood products occurs in the glomerulus of the Bowman capsule.
The patient is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate. During preoperative teaching, which aspect will the nurse emphasize about what the patient can expect after the procedure?
- A. Red drainage from the catheter
- B. Limited intake of fluids
- C. A sodium-restricted diet
- D. Incisional drainage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient and family need to know that hematuria is expected after prostatic surgery.
The patient, age 43, has cancer of the urinary bladder. The patient has received a cystectomy with an ileal conduit. Which characteristics would be considered normal for the patient's urine?
- A. Hematuria
- B. Clear amber with mucus
- C. Dark bile-colored
- D. Dark amber
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: There will be mucus present in the urine from the intestinal secretions.
The nurse notes the amount and color of the urine the patient with urolithiasis has voided. While using Standard Precautions, which action will be the nurse's next action?
- A. Discard the urine.
- B. Add the urine to a 24-hour collector.
- C. Send the urine to the laboratory.
- D. Strain the urine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All urine should be strained. Because stones may be any size, even the smallest speck must be saved for assessment by the laboratory.
Which sign is indicative of fluid overload in the patient with chronic glomerulonephritis?
- A. Increase in blood pressure
- B. Increase in daily weight
- C. Clear lung sounds
- D. Edema
- E. Labored respirations
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Signs and symptoms of fluid overload: increased blood pressure, respirations, cardiac sounds, and lung fields. Increase in daily morning weights.