Nokea
Why should clients who take warfarin (Coumadin®) refrain from food items such as green, leafy vegetables and soybeans?
- A. Because the foods contain vitamin K
- B. which reduces the anticoagulant effect of the medication.
- C. Because the foods contain vitamin K
- D. which increases the anticoagulant effect of the medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K counteracts the effects of warfarin.
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A patient reports fears of having cervical cancer and says to the nurse, I've had Pap smears by six different doctors. The results are normal, but I'm sure that's because of errors in the laboratory. Which disorder would the nurse suspect?
- A. Functional neurologic (conversion) disorder
- B. Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
- C. Body dysmorphic disorder
- D. Dissociative amnesia with fugue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis). This disorder involves excessive worry about having a serious illness despite medical reassurance. In this case, the patient's persistent fear of cervical cancer despite normal Pap smear results and attributing them to laboratory errors aligns with the characteristic of illness anxiety disorder.
Other choices:
A: Functional neurologic (conversion) disorder - This disorder involves physical symptoms without a medical explanation. The patient in the question does not exhibit physical symptoms.
C: Body dysmorphic disorder - This disorder involves preoccupation with perceived defects in physical appearance. The patient's concern is not related to body image.
D: Dissociative amnesia with fugue - This disorder involves memory loss with sudden travel or wandering. The patient does not display memory loss or wandering behavior in the scenario.
The presence of Laseuge sign suggests damage to the following:
- A. meninges of the brain
- B. spinal roots C5-C8 or radial nerve
- C. spinal roots L5-S1 or sciatic nerve
- D. anterior horns at the level L5-S1
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinal roots L5-S1 or sciatic nerve is the correct answer because Lasegue's sign, also known as the straight leg raise test, is used to diagnose sciatica or lumbar radiculopathy. Pain elicited during this test indicates irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve or its roots, typically due to a herniated disc.
To preserve function and the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), what should the nurse teach the patient with OA?
- A. Avoid exercise that involves the affected joints.
- B. Plan and organize task performance to be less stressful to joints.
- C. Maintain normal activities during an acute episode to prevent loss of function.
- D. Use mild analgesics to control symptoms when performing tasks that cause pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Task planning minimizes joint stress.
Priority Decision: An immediate prosthetic fitting during surgery is used for a patient with a traumatic below-the-knee amputation. During the immediate postoperative period, what is a priority nursing intervention?
- A. Monitor the patient's vital signs.
- B. Assess the incision for hemorrhage.
- C. Elevate the residual limb on pillows.
- D. Have the patient flex and extend the knee every hour.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemorrhage is a critical concern post-amputation.
A patient who fears serious heart disease was referred to the mental health center by a cardiologist after diagnostic evaluation showed no physical illness. The patient says, My heart misses beats. I'm frequently absent from work. I don't go out much because I need to rest. Which health problem is most likely?
- A. Body dysmorphic disorder
- B. Antisocial personality disorder
- C. Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
- D. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C: Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis). This is because the patient's persistent fear of having a serious illness despite medical reassurance aligns with the key feature of excessive health-related anxiety. The patient's focus on physical symptoms and avoidance behaviors also indicate a somatic symptom-related disorder.
Incorrect choices:
A: Body dysmorphic disorder - This disorder involves preoccupation with perceived defects in physical appearance, not fear of having a serious illness.
B: Antisocial personality disorder - This disorder is characterized by a disregard for others' rights and feelings, not health-related anxiety.
D: Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) - While depression can present with physical symptoms, the patient's primary concern is health-related anxiety rather than low mood.