Nokea
Which statements describe neurosyphilis (select one that doesn't apply)?
- A. Occurs 10 to 20 years after bacterial infection
- B. Infection can affect any part of the nervous system
- C. Descending paralysis with cranial nerve involvement
- D. Degenerative changes in the spinal cord and brainstem
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neurosyphilis typically presents with degenerative changes in the CNS and can affect various parts of the nervous system.
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Impairments in language and communication may manifest in a variety of ways, including deficits in the production of speech (e.g. fluent aphasia), an inability to comprehend or understand speech, and an inability to initiate speech (e.g. nonfluent aphasia). A treatment used with aphasic patients required to communicate without gesturing or pointing is known as:
- A. Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT).
- B. Straight jacket therapy (SJT).
- C. Minimal movement therpay (MMT).
- D. Verbal communication initiation therapy (VCIT).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is a rehabilitation technique used to improve verbal communication in individuals with aphasia. This approach involves restricting the use of compensatory strategies, such as gesturing or pointing, and encouraging the use of verbal responses. By focusing on intensive verbal practice, CIMT helps individuals regain their ability to communicate effectively and reduces reliance on non-verbal methods.
What surgical treatment will the nurse prepare the patient for in the presence of compartment syndrome?
- A. Fasciotomy
- B. Amputation
- C. Internal fixation
- D. Release of tendons
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasciotomy relieves pressure in compartment syndrome.
To assess a patient's recent memory, the nurse should:
- A. Ask the patient to recall recent events or conversations.
- B. Check the patient's ability to recognize familiar faces.
- C. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
- D. Inspect the patient's gait.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recent memory is assessed by asking the patient to recall recent events or conversations. Recognizing faces, blood pressure, and gait are unrelated to memory assessment.
In performing range of motion (ROM) with a patient, the nurse puts each joint through its full movement. Which joints are capable of abduction and adduction (select all that apply)?
- A. Hip
- B. Knee
- C. Wrist
- D. Elbow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hips, thumbs, and shoulders allow abduction/adduction.
A patient who fears serious heart disease was referred to the mental health center by a cardiologist after diagnostic evaluation showed no physical illness. The patient says, My heart misses beats. I'm frequently absent from work. I don't go out much because I need to rest. Which health problem is most likely?
- A. Body dysmorphic disorder
- B. Antisocial personality disorder
- C. Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
- D. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C: Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis). This is because the patient's persistent fear of having a serious illness despite medical reassurance aligns with the key feature of excessive health-related anxiety. The patient's focus on physical symptoms and avoidance behaviors also indicate a somatic symptom-related disorder.
Incorrect choices:
A: Body dysmorphic disorder - This disorder involves preoccupation with perceived defects in physical appearance, not fear of having a serious illness.
B: Antisocial personality disorder - This disorder is characterized by a disregard for others' rights and feelings, not health-related anxiety.
D: Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) - While depression can present with physical symptoms, the patient's primary concern is health-related anxiety rather than low mood.