Nokea
x role stereotypes describe what we think the sexes are like, but also
- A. How we think they should act
- B. How the media should portray the sexes
- C. The future career choices
- D. How we should interact with the other sex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sex role stereotypes include prescriptive norms about how each sex should behave.
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The eight stages of development with each one having contradictory developmental tasks was identified by
- A. Erik Erikson
- B. Sigmund Freud
- C. Jean Piaget
- D. Abraham Maslow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erik Erikson developed eight stages of development of the life span that related developmental tasks to a person's approximate age. Each stage has an expected task and a contradictory one if not achieved (e.g., identity vs role confusion).
In an experimental design, the dependent variable is:
- A. The one that is not manipulated and in which any changes are observed
- B. The one that is manipulated in order to observe any effects on the other
- C. A measure of the extent to which personal values affect research
- D. An ambiguous concept whose meaning depends on how it is defined
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The dependent variable is the outcome measured, not manipulated, in experiments.
Prior to the physical examination of a Muslim adolescent patient, which of the following statements should be clarified to the patient and his/her parent?
- A. The examination is not critical to the patient's immediate treatment
- B. Proper draping is optional for the examination
- C. The parent may not be in the room with the patient during the examination
- D. They can express concerns about any part of the exam at any time
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Allowing concerns to be voiced respects modesty and builds trust in Muslim patients.
Which comment by a mother during a family therapy session shows evidence of scapegoating?
- A. Our youngest child always starts arguments and upsets everyone else.
- B. We all express our feelings openly except when we think it might upset my husband.
- C. Our oldest child knows that my husband and I are doing all we can for the others.
- D. After my husband has been drinking, I have to get everyone up and ready for school.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Scapegoating is blaming family problems on a member of the family who is not very powerful. The purpose of the blaming is to keep the focus off painful issues and off the blamers themselves. A double-bind message, such as We all express our feelings openly except when, involves giving instructions that are inherently contradictory or that place the person in a no-win situation. Our oldest child knows that is an example oftriangulation, wherein a third party is engaged to help stabilize an unstable pair within the family. A child assuming parental responsibilities (e.g., caring for siblings) because a parent fails to do so is an example of enabling.
Maria is an Italian American who is in the hospital after having suffered a miscarriage at 5 months' gestation. Her room is filled with relatives who have brought a variety of foods and gifts for Maria. They are all talking, seemingly at the same time, and some, including Maria, are crying. They repeatedly touch and hug Maria and each other. How should the nurse handle this situation?
- A. Explain to the family that Maria needs her rest and they must all leave.
- B. Allow the family to remain and continue their activity as described, as long as they do not disturb other clients.
- C. Explain that Maria will not get over her loss if they keep bringing it up and causing her to cry so much.
- D. Call the family priest to come and take charge of this family situation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The family's behavior reflects a cultural norm of Italian Americans to express grief and support through physical closeness and communal interaction, which is not disruptive. Allowing this to continue respects cultural practices and supports Maria's emotional needs, aligning with option b.