Nokea
You have learned that in babies and children with developmental dysplasia (dislocation) of the hip (DDH), the hip joint has not formed normally. Which of the following is the most common form of DDH?
- A. Acetabular dysplasia
- B. Dislocation
- C. Preluxation
- D. Subluxation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetabular dysplasia is the most common form of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). It is characterized by an underdeveloped or shallow socket (acetabulum) in the hip joint, which can lead to instability and predispose the hip to dislocation. In DDH, the abnormal development of the hip joint can range from mild acetabular dysplasia to complete dislocation. Acetabular dysplasia is often present from birth or develops during infancy and can lead to long-term consequences if not properly managed. Early detection and treatment of acetabular dysplasia are crucial to prevent complications such as hip dislocation and osteoarthritis later in life.
You may also like to solve these questions
The MOST common cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children is
- A. obesity
- B. allergies
- C. adenotonsillar hypertrophy
- D. pharyngeal reactive edema due to gastroesophageal reflux
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children.
Recent studies indicate that a deficiency of which vitamin correlates with increased morbidity and mortality in children with measles?
- A. A
- B. C
- C. Niacin
- D. Folic acid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recent studies have shown that a deficiency of vitamin A correlates with increased morbidity and mortality in children with measles. Vitamin A plays a crucial role in supporting the immune system and helps protect against severe complications of measles, such as pneumonia and vision problems. Children with measles are at higher risk of vitamin A deficiency due to factors such as decreased intake and increased utilization of vitamin A during infection. Providing vitamin A supplementation to children with measles has been shown to reduce the severity of the disease and improve outcomes. Therefore, ensuring adequate vitamin A levels is essential in the management of children with measles to reduce morbidity and mortality.
A client with cancer that has metastazised to the liver is started on chemotherapy- His physician has specified divided doses of the antimetabolite. The client asks why he could take the drug in divided doses. The appropriate response is:
- A. " There really is no reason your doctor just wrote the orders that way."
- B. "This schedule will reduce the side effect of the drug."
- C. "Divided doses produce greater cytotoxic effects on the diseased cells."
- D. "Because these drugs prevent cell division, they are more effective in divided doses,"
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is D, "Because these drugs prevent cell division, they are more effective in divided doses."
To combat the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy, the nurse would administer an:
- A. Antiemetic
- B. Antibiotic
- C. Antimetabolite
- D. Anticoagulant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most common adverse effects of chemotherapy include nausea and vomiting, which can significantly impact the patient's quality of life. An antiemetic is a medication specifically designed to prevent or alleviate nausea and vomiting. By administering an antiemetic, the nurse can help manage these distressing side effects and improve the patient's overall comfort during chemotherapy treatments. Antibiotics are not typically used to combat the side effects of chemotherapy, and antimetabolites and anticoagulants do not address nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.
Which of the ff is a reason for providing early discharge instructions and making arrangements for home care for clients undergoing mastectomy?
- A. The adverse effect of mastectomy are immediate
- B. The wound of the surgery is highly contagious and the client should exercise isolation precautions immediately after the procedure
- C. Most clients are not hospitalized long after a mastectomy
- D. The suicidal tendencies in the women undergoing a mastectomy are high
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most clients are not hospitalized long after a mastectomy. This is a key reason for providing early discharge instructions and making arrangements for home care for clients undergoing mastectomy. Typically, clients undergoing mastectomy have shorter hospital stays, often as part of the trend toward faster postoperative recovery and reduced healthcare costs. By ensuring that clients have appropriate home care arrangements and understand postoperative instructions early on, healthcare providers can support a smooth transition from the hospital to the home environment, promoting optimal recovery and outcomes for the client.