Nokea
You routinely use the PQRST method to assess pain. The PQRST method consists of:
- A. Pain level, the quality of the pain, the region or area of the pain, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
- B. Precipitating factors, the quality of the pain, relief factors, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
- C. Pain level, the quantitative numerical pain score, the region or area of the pain, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
- D. Precipitating factors, the quality of the pain, the region or area of the pain, the severity of the pain, and the pain triggers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PQRST (D) stands for Precipitating, Quality, Region, Severity, Timing.
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When discussing sensitive and personal issues with a patient that may involve significant lifestyle changes and treatment issues, how should the patient's family be involved in this process?
- A. The patient's family should always be actively involved in the conversation
- B. The patient's family is not an important participant in the conversation
- C. The physician should always decide whether or not to include the family based on the patient's wishes
- D. The physician should contact the family prior to speaking with the patient
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respecting patient autonomy, family involvement should align with the patient's preferences.
The nurse-therapist is counseling the Smith family: Mr. and Mrs. Smith, 10-year-old Rob, and 8-year-old Lisa. When Mr. and Mrs. Smith start to argue, Rob hits Lisa and Lisa starts to cry. The Smiths then turn their attention to comforting Lisa and scolding Rob, complaining that he is 'out of control and we don’t know what to do about his behavior.' These dynamics are an example of which of the following?
- A. Double-bind messages
- B. Triangulation
- C. Pseudohostility
- D. Multigenerational transmission
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Triangulation. Triangulation occurs when a third party (in this case, the children) is brought into a conflict between two other parties (Mr. and Mrs. Smith). In this situation, the parents' argument has led to the children being drawn into the conflict, with Rob hitting Lisa. The parents then focus on the children, shifting attention away from their own issues. This behavior creates a dysfunctional dynamic within the family.
A: Double-bind messages refer to contradictory communication that causes confusion and emotional distress. This is not evident in the given scenario.
C: Pseudohostility involves expressing anger indirectly. While there may be some hostility in the family dynamics, it is not the primary issue at play.
D: Multigenerational transmission relates to the passing down of behaviors and beliefs through generations, which is not explicitly demonstrated in this scenario.
Select the nursing intervention necessary after administering naloxone (Narcan) to a patient with an opiate overdose.
- A. Monitor the airway and vital signs every 15 minutes.
- B. Insert a nasogastric tube and test gastric pH.
- C. Treat hyperpyrexia with cooling measures.
- D. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the airway and vital signs every 15 minutes. After administering naloxone to a patient with an opiate overdose, it is crucial to monitor the patient's airway and vital signs regularly to assess for respiratory depression, potential re-sedation, and other adverse effects of naloxone. This intervention ensures the patient's safety and allows for prompt detection and management of any complications.
Choice B is incorrect because inserting a nasogastric tube and testing gastric pH is not indicated after naloxone administration for opiate overdose. Choice C is incorrect as treating hyperpyrexia with cooling measures is not a priority intervention in this scenario. Choice D is also incorrect as inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is not necessary after administering naloxone for opiate overdose.
The nuclear family means
- A. Two generation unit of parents and their children
- B. A group of people sharing living accommodation and meals
- C. Network of relatives extended with or between generations
- D. The new family created when an adult leaves home and gets married
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nuclear family is parents and children, a two-generation unit.
The psychosexual stage associated with autonomy is
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Genital
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anal stage (1-3 years) fosters autonomy through control mastery (Freud).